Constraining the age of Quaternary megafloods in the Altai Mountains (Russia) using luminescence

Svistunov, M.; Kurbanov, Redzhep; Murray, Andrew; Таратунина, Н.А.; Semikolennykh, Daria; Entin, A.L.; Deev, YeV.; Zolnikov, I. D.; Panin, Andrei

doi:10.1016/j.quageo.2022.101399

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Glacier extent is widely used for palaeoclimatic and environmental reconstruction as glaciers are reliable climatic indicators (Mackintosh et al, 2017). In the Russian Altai Mountains (Figure 1), numerous cataclysmic flood landforms (flood-scoured gorges, giant bars, gravel dunes) indicate the repeated occurrence of glacial megafloods during the late Pleistocene, c. 28-15 ka (Herget et al, 2020) as well as during Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5, c. 85 ka (Svistunov et al, 2022), with peak discharge of 10-18 × 10 6 m 3 s −1 (Baker et al, 1993;Herget, 2005), making glacier reconstruction especially relevant in this area. Several reconstructions of the extent of Late Pleistocene maximum advances in the Altai Mountains have been proposed (Figure 1; Lehmkuhl et al, 2011;Blomdin et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…28–15 ka (Herget et al, 2020) as well as during Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5, c . 85 ka (Svistunov et al, 2022), with peak discharge of 10–18 × 10 6 m 3 s −1 (Baker et al, 1993; Herget, 2005), making glacier reconstruction especially relevant in this area. Several reconstructions of the extent of Late Pleistocene maximum advances in the Altai Mountains have been proposed (Figure 1; Lehmkuhl et al, 2011; Blomdin et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Timing and extent of glaciation since the Last Glacial Maximum in the upper Kalguty basin, Russian Altai Mountains

Deline

Ravanel

Delannoy

et al. 2023

J Quaternary Science

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The mountains systems of Central Asia are primary targets to study late Pleistocene climate evolution given their location at the crossroads of several atmospheric circulation systems. The timing of glacier extent during this period remains understudied, especially in the Altai Mountains. Here, we have reconstructed glacier extent during three main Late Pleistocene stadials in the upper Kalguty basin (south‐eastern Russian Altai) based on field‐based geomorphic analysis. Additionally, surface exposure dating with 10Be and 26Al at a key site was used to infer a minimum‐limiting age for the outermost well‐preserved Pleistocene frontal moraine system and to date the inception of glacier withdrawal. According to our data, around 20.6 ± 1.8 ka Kalguty Glacier was still 200 m thick at the key site, 10 km upstream of the outermost moraine, and the site was totally deglaciated shortly after 20.4 ± 0.4 ka. These results point to a rapid retreat of this low‐gradient valley glacier after its probably MIS 2 maximum which was prior to 21 ka and probably prior to 22.5 ka. Two other glacier stages have been identified upvalley, characterized by a depression of the equilibrium‐line altitude of 420 and 314 m with respect to the Little Ice Age, thus corresponding to Lateglacial advances. Our glacier reconstruction further provides a geomorphological and geochronological background to put into context archaeological findings in this area.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Timing and extent of glaciation since the Last Glacial Maximum in the upper Kalguty basin, Russian Altai Mountains

Deline

Ravanel

Delannoy

et al. 2023

J Quaternary Science

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Inaccuracy of relative elevations on uavbased digital elevation models without precise reference information

Zorina,

Entin

2024

GES

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Imagery obtained from unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is widely used for land surface modelling. Recent research prove that digital elevation models (DEMs) created from UAV imagery are characterized by a high rate of accuracy and reliability. Most of these studies are focused on assessing absolute elevation accuracy of the UAV DEMs, but the accuracy of relative elevations (i.e., accuracy of reproducing of local elevation differences within DEM) also should be considered. In this paper, we focus on the precision of replicating relative elevations in DEMs derived from imagery captured via UAVs without precise coordinate reference. To evaluate this accuracy, we use datasets of aerial images processed in two different methods: one with on-board coordinates obtained from a GNSS receiver, and the other based on precise coordinates calculated with the Post-Processing Kinematic (PPK) method. The sites selected for assessment are not look like each other in terms of terrain and forest cover characteristics to track the difference of modelling in the divergent areas. Constructed DEMs were compared with reference fragments of global DEMs by the statistical indices for the difference fields. The findings indicate that the absence of an accurate coordinate reference does not have a substantial impact on the precision of reproducing relative elevations in the DEM. This makes it possible to use UAV materials without precise coordinate reference for modelling in most geographical studies, where the error of terrain steepness values of 0.9° can be considered acceptable.

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The Last Glaciation and Ice-Dammed Lakes in the South-East Altai

Zolnikov,

Novikov,

Deev

et al. 2023

Lëd i sneg

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Received June 8, 2023; revised September 4, 2023; accepted October 2, 2023The palaeogeographic scheme of the distribution of glaciers and ice-dammed lakes in the Altai during the last global glaciation (MIS-2) was compiled based on a detailed large-scale geomorphological survey. Analysis of geomorphological traces of glaciers of this time indicates that they occupied smaller areas than those of the first Late Pleistocene glaciation. By this means, the ice dams created by them were smaller that resulted in small sizes of ice-dammed lakes. The preserved levels of terraces indicate that during the first Late Pleistocene glaciation in the Kurai-Chuya depression system the ancient lake was the only one with a level of 2250 m and a total volume of 1.70 km3. During the second Late Pleistocene glaciation in the south-east Gorny Altai, another separate lake existed which was the Bartal-Kurai Lake with a level of 1700 m and a volume of 45 km3. This lake was dammed by the Mashey Glacier, which descended from the northern slopes of the North Chuaya Range. In the Chuya Depression, the existence of a landslide-dammed lake with a volume of 0.7 km3 and a level 1.750 m has been found. Its formation was not associated with glaciers of the MIS-2 stage. Direct dating of the last ice-dammed lake in the Chuya Depression with a level of 1950 m and a volume of 140 km3 has not yet been determined. This lake was dammed by the Kuehtanar Glacier, which descended from the southern slope of the Kurai ridge. The volume of ice-dammed waters of the MIS-2 time was an order of magnitude smaller than it was in the first Late Quaternary glaciation. This explains the much lower intensity of erosive and accumulative processes associated with the mega-flood occurred due to the breakthrough of the lakes during MIS-2.

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Constraining the age of Quaternary megafloods in the Altai Mountains (Russia) using luminescence

Cited by 3 publications

References 33 publications

Timing and extent of glaciation since the Last Glacial Maximum in the upper Kalguty basin, Russian Altai Mountains

Timing and extent of glaciation since the Last Glacial Maximum in the upper Kalguty basin, Russian Altai Mountains

Inaccuracy of relative elevations on uavbased digital elevation models without precise reference information

The Last Glaciation and Ice-Dammed Lakes in the South-East Altai

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