Constraining the Deep Origin of Parasitic Flatworms and Host-Interactions with Fossil Evidence

Baets, Kenneth De; Dentzien‐Dias, Paula; Upeniece, Ieva; Verneau, Olivier; Donoghue, Philip C. J.

doi:10.1016/bs.apar.2015.06.002

Cited by 45 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 226 publications

(359 reference statements)

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“…The coevolution of these parasitic flatworms and vertebrates has sometimes been proposed although the reasons that promoted such an association are unknown (Perkins ; De Baets et al . ). We propose that, given that high densities of potential hosts increase the chances of infection by parasites with direct cycles (such as monogeneans) (Poulin ; Ranta ; Richards et al .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Patterns of ecological diversification in thelodonts

et al. 2018

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Here we explore the spatial, temporal and phylogenetic patterns of ecological diversification for the entire clade of thelodonts, one of the earliest groups of vertebrates and longest lasting of the Palaeozoic agnathans in the fossil record. Parsimony and maximum‐likelihood methods are used to reconstruct ancestral states of their geographical distributions, habitats and lifestyles. Our results support the concept that thelodonts originated during the Middle?–Late Ordovician probably in marine open waters of Laurasia, with a demersal lifestyle on hard substrates being the ancestral condition for the whole clade. Later, thelodonts underwent a complex ecological diversification and palaeobiogeographical history, comparable in many aspects to those of some major groups of living fishes. Different modes of life evolved repeatedly and a wide range of habitats were colonized by distinct groups, including deep waters and brackish marine and/or freshwater environments. Diadromous strategies presumably appeared on nine different occasions. The palaeobiogeographical history of thelodonts reveals significant differences in the dispersal potential of some major groups. Dispersal of thelodontiforms entailed displacements over long distances and the crossing of deep‐water biogeographical barriers, whereas those of furcacaudiforms were always limited to areas interconnected by shallow platforms. We propose that the evolution of pelagic larval stages in thelodontiforms might explain this biogeographical pattern and could satisfactorily account for the greater evolutionary success of this group.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Patterns of ecological diversification in thelodonts

et al. 2018

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“…Platyhelminth worms have been reported to infest Late Devonian (Frasnian) fishes from Latvia based on the presence of hooks in 16 specimens of the placoderm Asterolepis ornata and in 27 specimens of the acanthodian Lodeacanthus gaujicus (Upeniece, 1999(Upeniece, , 2001(Upeniece, , 2011De Baets et al, 2015). Two hooks were also found in a crustacean specimen ascribed to the Mysidacea, but Upeniece (2001Upeniece ( , 2011 considered the hooks too large relative to the size of this crustacean for it to have been a host.…”

Section: Platyhelminthes In Crustaceansmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…noted that all CambrianeOrdovician pentastomids were associated with conodonts. Thus, it could be speculated that these early vertebrates were hosts to pentastomids (compare Sanders and Lee, 2010;De Baets et al, 2015). Considering the small size of early Palaeozoic pentastomids, which are interpreted as adults by Sanders and Lee (2010;but compare Castellani et al, 2011 for a different view) and resemblance to larvae of extant pentastomids that infect intermediate hosts such as fish, it has been suggested by these authors that the small Palaeozoic forms confined their entire life cycle to small fish-like vertebrates present around that time (Sanders and Lee, 2010).…”

Section: Fossil Crustaceans As Parasites and Hostsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Fossil Crustaceans as Parasites and Hosts

Klompmaker

Boxshall

2015

Fossil Parasites

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“…Four 1–4 mm long specimens identified as Pentastomida associated with a Silurian ostracod were reported from the Herefordshire Lagerstätte in England (Siveter et al 2015). Whether these specimens represent true pentastomids was called into question (De Baets et al 2015; De Baets and Littlewood 2015; Klompmaker and Boxshall 2015). A re-evaluation rejects a pentastomid affinity because the snout and trunk are in different planes, unlike for true pentastomids in which they are in the same plane; the paired limbs are proportionally longer than in extant pentastomids; and no apical hooks were found, a feature characteristic of true pentastomids (Boxshall and Hayes in press).…”

Section: “Pentastomids” On Ostracodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crustaceans as hosts of parasites throughout the Phanerozoic

Cm²,

et al. 2018

Preprint

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26The fossil record of crustaceans as hosts of parasites has yielded three confirmed associations: epicaridean 27 isopod-induced swellings on Jurassic-Recent decapod crustaceans, feminization of Cretaceous and 28Miocene male crabs possibly caused by rhizocephalan barnacles, and presumed pentastomids on/in 29 Silurian ostracods. Cestode platyhelminth hooks and swellings by entoniscid isopods may be recognized 30in the future. Relative to 2014, we report an increase of 41% to 124 fossil decapod species with 31 epicaridean-induced swellings in the branchial chamber (ichnotaxon Kanthyloma crusta). Furthermore, 32using a Late Jurassic (Tithonian) decapod assemblage from Austria, we find (1) no correlation between 33 genus abundance and prevalence of K. crusta, (2) host preference for some galatheoid taxa (as for a mid-34Cretaceous assemblage from Spain), and (3) a larger median size of parasitized versus non-parasitized 35 specimens for two selected species. The latter result may be caused by infestation throughout ontogeny 36 rather than exclusively in juveniles and/or possible selection for the larger sex. 37 38

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Constraining the Deep Origin of Parasitic Flatworms and Host-Interactions with Fossil Evidence

Cited by 45 publications

References 226 publications

Patterns of ecological diversification in thelodonts

Patterns of ecological diversification in thelodonts

Fossil Crustaceans as Parasites and Hosts

Crustaceans as hosts of parasites throughout the Phanerozoic

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