Constraints of Adoption of Agricultural Extension Package Technologies on Sorghum Crop Production at Smallholder Farm Household Level: Evidence from West Hararghe Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia

Abstract

An effective and efficient agricultural extension system can enhance the agricultural productivity and production of smallholders through the development of innovative, systematic, and farmer-owned agricultural extensions. This study identified major constraints of adoption of agricultural extension package technologies such as adoption of inorganic and organic fertilizers, improved seeds, row planting, and crop protection chemicals at smallholder household level on sorghum crop production. The study used cross-sectional survey data collected from 201 sample respondent household farmers. To analyze data, descriptive statistics, ranking indexes, graphs, and tables were used. The study identified the major constraints of agricultural extension package technologies. High price, problem of on-time provision, shortage and uneven distribution of rainfall, and problem of accessibility were the major constraints that hinder the use of inorganic fertilizer. Using sources of organic fertilizer for other purposes, insufficient availability, undeveloped infrastructure, and facilities and requirement of more labor were the major constraints to the use of organic fertilizer.

Determinants of the adoption of climate smart agriculture practices by smallholder wheat farmers in northwestern Ethiopia

“…Following this, the determinants of adoption of CSAPs in Ethiopia have been examined by a few studies. Some studies focused on other crops than wheat [ [34] , [35] , [36] ], while others focused on factors affecting the adoption of a single CSAP. For instance Refs.…”

Assessing the Effectiveness of Koftu's Small-Scale Irrigation Schemes in Enhancing Water Resource Utilization in Ethiopia.

“…Despite the fact that many attempts are being made to enhance irrigation to increase land and water production, little effort is being made to monitor and evaluate the effectiveness of existing irrigation schemes (Ayana & Awulachew, 2007;Haile & Kassa, 2015;Shako et al, 2021). Three types of irrigation typology have been discovered in Ethiopia.…”