Constraints on Genome Dynamics Revealed from Gene Distribution among the Ralstonia solanacearum Species

Lefeuvre, Pierre; Cellier, Gilles; Remenant, Benoît; Chiroleu, Frédéric; Prior, Philippe

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0063155

Cited by 19 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…By analyzing the comparative genomic hybridization on microarrays, Guidot et al (7) demonstrated that DNA blocks of 30 kb and 33 genes could be integrated during a single transformation event. Lefeuvre et al (16) reported that most of the putative HGT events were detected between strains clustered with the Molk2 strain (IIB-3) and in recombinogenic strains of phylotypes I and IIA. Moreover, a limited number of HGT events was found among strains of phylotypes I, III, and IV.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Moko Disease-Causing Strains of Ralstonia solanacearum from Brazil Extend Known Diversity in Paraphyletic Phylotype II

Albuquerque¹,

Santos²,

Felix³

et al. 2014

Phytopathology®

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The epidemic situation of Moko disease-causing strains in Latin America and Brazil is unclear. Thirty-seven Ralstonia solanacearum strains from Brazil that cause the Moko disease on banana and heliconia plants were sampled and phylogenetically typed using the endoglucanase (egl) and DNA repair (mutS) genes according to the phylotype and sequevar classification. All of the strains belonged to phylotype II and a portion of the strains was typed as the Moko disease-related sequevars IIA-6 and IIA-24. Nevertheless, two unsuspected sequevars also harbored the Moko disease-causing strains IIA-41 and IIB-25, and a new sequevar was described and named IIA-53. All of the strains were pathogenic to banana and some of the strains of sequevars IIA-6, IIA-24, and IIA-41 were also pathogenic to tomato. The Moko disease-causing strains from sequevar IIB-25 were pathogenic to potato but not to tomato. These results highlight the high diversity of strains of Moko in Brazil, reinforce the efficiency of the egl gene to reveal relationships among these strains, and contribute to a better understanding of the diversity of paraphyletic Moko disease-causing strains of the R. solanacearum species complex, where the following seven distinct genetic clusters have been described: IIA-6, IIA-24, IIA-41, IIA-53, IIB-3, IIB-4, and IIB-25.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Moko Disease-Causing Strains of Ralstonia solanacearum from Brazil Extend Known Diversity in Paraphyletic Phylotype II

Albuquerque¹,

Santos²,

Felix³

et al. 2014

Phytopathology®

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“…Complete genomic sequences have been determined for several strains of the R. solanacearum species complex 21 . These strains express more than 20 MCPs, including two aerotaxis sensors 22 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of boric acid as a novel chemoattractant and elucidation of its chemoreceptor in Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum Ps29

Hida

Oku

Nakashimada

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Chemotaxis enables bacteria to move toward more favorable environmental conditions. We observed chemotaxis toward boric acid by Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum Ps29. At higher concentrations, the chemotactic response of R. pseudosolanacearum toward boric acid was comparable to or higher than that toward L-malate, indicating that boric acid is a strong attractant for R. pseudosolanacearum. Chemotaxis, a universal phenomenon in motile bacteria, involves sensing of chemical gradients and subsequent navigation toward/away from more favorable/unfavorable environmental conditions 1 . Because most known chemical attractants are growth substrates 2-5 , chemotaxis is believed to enable bacterial cells to efficiently move toward areas that are most suitable for growth. Bacterial chemotaxis also can be viewed as an important initial step in ecological interactions such as symbiosis, root colonization, and infection 6 . Chemotaxis reportedly plays important roles in nodulation involving Rhizobium leguminosarum 7 , root colonization by plant growth-promoting Pseudomonas fluorescens [8][9][10] , and plant infection by Ralstonia solanacearum 11,12 . Chemotaxis assays under different pH conditions suggested that R. pseudosolanacearum recognizes B(OH) 3 (or B(OHThe molecular mechanisms that underlie bacterial chemotaxis have been studied intensively in Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium 13, 14 . Chemotactic ligands are detected by cell surface chemoreceptors known as methyl-accepting chemotaxis proteins (MCPs). Upon ligand binding, MCPs generate chemotaxis signals that are communicated to the flagellar motor via a series of chemotaxis (Che) proteins. In E. coli, five MCPs (Tsr, Tar, Trg, Tap, and Aer) and six Che proteins (CheA, CheB, CheR, CheW, CheY, and CheZ) have been identified to date 15 .Ralstonia solanacearum is a gram-negative, motile plant pathogenic bacterium that causes bacterial wilt in a number of economically important crops, including tomato, potato, eggplant, tobacco, and banana 16,17 . This soil-borne bacterium usually enters plant roots through wounds, the root tips, and secondary root emergence points, eventually invading the xylem vessels and spreading to the aerial parts of the plant 18 . Ralstonia solanacearum is a heterogeneous species designated "the R. solanacearum species complex" 19,20 . The R. solanacearum species complex is motile and exhibits chemotactic responses to a wide variety of compounds, including amino acids, sugars, dicarboxylic acids, citrate, and inorganic phosphate 11,12 .

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“…Complete genomic sequences have been generated for several strains of the R. solanacearum species complex (22). Genomic analysis revealed that these strains each encode Ͼ20 MCPs.…”

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Identification of the mcpA and mcpM Genes, Encoding Methyl-Accepting Proteins Involved in Amino Acid and l -Malate Chemotaxis, and Involvement of McpM-Mediated Chemotaxis in Plant Infection by Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum (Formerly Ralstonia solanacearum Phylotypes I and III)

Hida

Oku

Kawasaki

et al. 2015

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Sequence analysis has revealed the presence of 22 putative methyl-accepting chemotaxis protein (mcp) genes in the Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum GMI1000 genome. PCR analysis and DNA sequencing showed that the highly motile R. pseudosolanacearum strain Ps29 possesses homologs of all 22 R. pseudosolanacearum GMI1000 mcp genes. We constructed a complete collection of single mcp gene deletion mutants of R. pseudosolanacearum Ps29 by unmarked gene deletion. Screening of the mutant collection revealed that R. pseudosolanacearum Ps29 mutants of RSp0507 and RSc0606 homologs were defective in chemotaxis to L-malate and amino acids, respectively. RSp0507 and RSc0606 homologs were designated mcpM and mcpA. While wild-type R. pseudosolanacearum strain Ps29 displayed attraction to 16 amino acids, the mcpA mutant showed no response to 12 of these amino acids and decreased responses to 4 amino acids. We constructed mcpA and mcpM deletion mutants of highly virulent R. pseudosolanacearum strain MAFF106611 to investigate the contribution of chemotaxis to L-malate and amino acids to tomato plant infection. Neither single mutant exhibited altered virulence for tomato plants when tested by root dip inoculation assays. In contrast, the mcpM mutant (but not the mcpA mutant) was significantly less infectious than the wild type when tested by a sand soak inoculation assay, which requires bacteria to locate and invade host roots from sand. Thus, McpM-mediated chemotaxis, possibly reflecting chemotaxis to L-malate, facilitates R. pseudosolanacearum motility to tomato roots in sand. Chemotaxis, the movement of motile bacteria with reference to a chemical agent, is a widespread phenomenon (1). Bacteria sense and respond behaviorally to a wide variety of chemical stimuli, including amino acids, sugars, organic acids, aromatic compounds, and phosphate (2-5). Bacterial chemotaxis also can be viewed as an important prelude to ecological interactions such as symbiosis, infection, and root colonization (6). Indeed, chemotaxis has been shown to be involved in nodulation by Rhizobium leguminosarum (7) and root colonization by Pseudomonas fluorescens (8-10).The molecular mechanisms that underlie bacterial chemotaxis have been studied intensively in Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (11, 12). Chemotactic ligands are detected by cell surface chemoreceptors called methyl-accepting chemotaxis proteins (MCPs). Upon binding a chemotactic ligand, a MCP generates chemotaxis signals that are communicated to the flagellar motor via a series of chemotaxis (Che) proteins. E. coli possesses 5 MCPs and 6 Che proteins (CheA, CheB, CheR, CheW, CheY, and CheZ).Ralstonia solanacearum is a Gram-negative plant-pathogenic bacterium that causes bacterial wilt in economically important crops, including tomato, potato, eggplant, tobacco, and banana (13,14). This soilborne bacterium usually enters plant roots through wounds, root tips, and secondary root emerging points, from which the organism invades the xylem vessels and spreads to aerial parts (...

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Constraints on Genome Dynamics Revealed from Gene Distribution among the Ralstonia solanacearum Species

Cited by 19 publications

References 59 publications

Moko Disease-Causing Strains of Ralstonia solanacearum from Brazil Extend Known Diversity in Paraphyletic Phylotype II

Moko Disease-Causing Strains of Ralstonia solanacearum from Brazil Extend Known Diversity in Paraphyletic Phylotype II

Identification of boric acid as a novel chemoattractant and elucidation of its chemoreceptor in Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum Ps29

Identification of the mcpA and mcpM Genes, Encoding Methyl-Accepting Proteins Involved in Amino Acid and l -Malate Chemotaxis, and Involvement of McpM-Mediated Chemotaxis in Plant Infection by Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum (Formerly Ralstonia solanacearum Phylotypes I and III)

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