Constraints on non-Newtonian gravity and light elementary particles from measurements of the Casimir force by means of a dynamic atomic force microscope
Abstract:We derive constraints on corrections to Newtonian gravity of the Yukawa type and light elementary particles from two recently performed measurements of the gradient of the Casimir force. In the first measurement the configuration of two Au surfaces has been used, whereas in the second a nonmagnetic metal Au interacted with a magnetic metal Ni. In these configurations one arrives at different, respectively, similar theoretical predictions for the Casimir force when the competing theoretical approaches are emplo… Show more
“…[34] from measurements of the gradient of the Casimir force between two Au-coated surfaces by means of dynamic AFM [35]. The dotted line shows the constraints obtained [34] from the experiment on measuring gradient of the Casimir force between an Au-coated sphere and a Ni-coated plate [42] using the same setup. As can be seen in Fig.…”
Section: Constraints From the Gradient Of The Casimir Force Betwementioning
We obtain constraints on parameters of the Yukawa-type corrections to Newton's gravitational law from measurements of the gradient of the Casimir force between surfaces coated with ferromagnetic metal Ni and from measurements of the Casimir force between Au-coated sinusoidally corrugated surfaces at various angles between corrugations. It is shown that constraints following from the experiment with magnetic surfaces are slightly weaker than currently available strongest constraints, but benefit from increased reliability and independence of systematic effects. The constraints derived from the experiment with corrugated surfaces within the interaction region from 11.6 to 29.2 nm are stronger up to a factor of 4 than the strongest constraints derived from other experiments. The possibility of further strengthening of constraints on non-Newtonian gravity by using the configurations with corrugated boundaries is proposed.
“…[34] from measurements of the gradient of the Casimir force between two Au-coated surfaces by means of dynamic AFM [35]. The dotted line shows the constraints obtained [34] from the experiment on measuring gradient of the Casimir force between an Au-coated sphere and a Ni-coated plate [42] using the same setup. As can be seen in Fig.…”
Section: Constraints From the Gradient Of The Casimir Force Betwementioning
We obtain constraints on parameters of the Yukawa-type corrections to Newton's gravitational law from measurements of the gradient of the Casimir force between surfaces coated with ferromagnetic metal Ni and from measurements of the Casimir force between Au-coated sinusoidally corrugated surfaces at various angles between corrugations. It is shown that constraints following from the experiment with magnetic surfaces are slightly weaker than currently available strongest constraints, but benefit from increased reliability and independence of systematic effects. The constraints derived from the experiment with corrugated surfaces within the interaction region from 11.6 to 29.2 nm are stronger up to a factor of 4 than the strongest constraints derived from other experiments. The possibility of further strengthening of constraints on non-Newtonian gravity by using the configurations with corrugated boundaries is proposed.
Stronger constraints on the pseudoscalar coupling constants of an axion and axion-like particles with a proton and a neutron are obtained from measurements of the thermal Casimir-Polder force between a Bose-Einstein condensate of 87 Rb atoms and a SiO 2 plate. For this purpose the additional force acting between a condensate cloud and a plate due to two-axion exchange is calculated. The obtained constraints refer to the axion masses from 0.1 meV to 0.3 eV which overlap with the region from 0.01 meV to 10 meV considered at the moment as the most prospective.
“…[51,[71][72][73]). At the present time, measurements of the Casimir interaction are helpful for constraining the coupling constants of axions and axion-like particles.…”
We propose an experiment for measuring the effective Casimir pressure between two parallel SiC plates with aligned nuclear spins. The prospective constraints on an axion-neutron coupling constant for both hadronic and GUT axions are calculated using the process of one-axion exchange.For this purpose, a general expression for the additional pressure arising between two polarized plates due to the exchange of one axion between their constituent fermions is derived. We demonstrate that only the polarization component perpendicular to the plates contribute to the pressure.The obtained pressure can be both repulsive and attractive depending on whether the polarizations of both plates are unidirectional or directed in opposite directions. It is shown that although the constraints on an axion-electron coupling obtained in the case of magnetized plates are not competitive, the constraints on an axion-neutron coupling found for plates with polarized nuclear spins are of the same order of magnitude of those obtained previously for the GUT axions alone using the process of two-axion exchange. The proposed experiment allows also to strengthen the presently known constraints on the axion-neutron coupling constants of GUT axions by using both processes of one-and two-axion exchange.
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