Construct Validity and Error Components of Survey Measures: A Structural Modeling Approach

Andrews, Frank M.

doi:10.1086/268840

Cited by 356 publications

(247 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…This result is surprising because it is not in concordance with the satisficing theory and not with empirical results found with adults (Andrews, 1984;Knäuper et al, 1997) and children (Benson & Hocevar, 1985;Marsh, 1986). That this result does not appear in our study can be the result of the definition of our dependent variable as stability over time.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 91%

“…The same contradiction might apply for the number of response options offered. In research with adults there is increasing evidence, and even consensus, that data quality improves as the number of response categories increases (Andrews, 1984;Krosnick & Fabrigar, 1997;Rodgers et al, 1989;Rodgers et al, 1988). However, the more options offered, the more burden is placed on verbal memory.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Response Effects in Surveys on Children and Adolescents: The Effect of Number of Response Options, Negative Wording, and Neutral Mid-Point

Hox²,

2004

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Abstract. Social researchers increasingly survey children and young adolescents. They are convinced that information about perspectives, attitudes, and behaviors of children should be collected from the children themselves. Methodological expertise on surveying children is still scarce, and researchers rely on ad-hoc knowledge from fields such as child psychiatry and educational testing, or on methodological knowledge on surveying adults. Regarding adults, empirical evidence shows that respondent characteristics (cognitive abilities) as well as question characteristics (question difficulty) affect response quality.This study reports on a methodological survey experiment on the effect of negatively formulated questions, the number of response options and offering a neutral midpoint as response option question characteristics on the reliability of the responses, using children and young adolescents as respondents.The study shows no effects of negatively formulated questions on the reliability measures, although children respond consistently differently on negatively formulated questions than on positively formulated questions. Taking all results on the effects of number of response options and offering a neutral midpoints on the different reliability measures into consideration; it would appear that offering about four response options is optimal with children as respondents.

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response Effects in Surveys on Children and Adolescents: The Effect of Number of Response Options, Negative Wording, and Neutral Mid-Point

Hox²,

2004

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“…This does of course not imply that the 11-point scale is the optimal response format for measuring attitudes under all circumstances. Rather, the appropriateness of a survey measure is a function of characteristics of the concept under study, such as domain and complexity, characteristics of respondents, such as their familiarity with the concept, and characteristics of the interview setting, such as mode of data collection (e.g., Andrews 1984;Alwin and Krosnick 1991;Scherpenzeel and Saris 1997).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring Left-Right Political Orientation: The Choice of Response Format

Kroh¹

2007

Public Opinion Quarterly

169

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“…Following the logic of the multitrait-multimethod approach (Campbell & Fiske, 1959), they proposed that multiple strength-related attitude attributes should be assessed using several different types of rating scales. The attributes can then be represented as latent variables (gauged by multiple indicators), and method factors can be included in the model to account for certainty to load on a single factor for one attitude object and to load on different factors for a second object.10 covariation between the measures that is due to a common method of measurement (e.g., Alwin & Krosnick, 1985;Andrews, 1984;Green & Citrin, 1994;Green, Goldman, & Salovey, 1993;Jarvis & Petty, 1996). The use of multiple indicators also permits disattenuation of correlations between latent constructs to correct for the impact of random measurement error.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Latent Structure of Strength‐related Attitude Attributes

Visser¹,

Bizer²,

Krosnick³

2006

Advances in Experimental Social Psychology

154

172

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[or she] will do…They draw lines about, and segregate, an otherwise chaotic environment; they are our methods for finding our way about in an ambiguous universe." Gordon W. Allport, 1935, p. 806 It has been nearly 70 years since Gordon Allport famously declared the attitude "the most distinctive and indispensable concept in contemporary American social psychology" (Allport, 1935, p. 798). In the decades since this bold claim, a large literature has accumulated generally reinforcing the notion that attitudes often do, as Allport (1935) suggested, profoundly influence perception, cognition, and behavior. Equally clear from this literature, however, is that attitudes do not always do so. That is, although some attitudes exert a powerful impact on thinking and on behavior, others are largely inconsequential. Similarly, whereas some attitudes are tremendously durable, resisting change in the face of a persuasive appeal and remaining stable over long spans of time, others are highly malleable and fluctuate greatly over time.The term "attitude strength" is often used to capture this distinction, and researchers have identified roughly a dozen attributes of attitudes that are associated with their strength (see .These strength-related attitude attributes include attitude importance, knowledge, elaboration, certainty, ambivalence, accessibility, intensity, extremity, structural consistency, and others. A large literature now exists documenting the relations of these attitude attributes with the four defining features of strong attitudes (i.e., resistance to change, stability over time, and a powerful impact on thought and on behavior; . For example, attitudes to which people attach more personal importance are better predictors of behavior (e.g., Budd, 1986;Parker, Perry, & Gillespie, 1974;Rokeach & Kliejunas, 1972), more resistant to change (Fine, 1957;Gorn, 1975;Zuwerink & Devine, 1996), and more powerfully influence liking of other people (Byrne, London, & Griffitt, 1968;Clore & Baldridge, 1968;Granberg & Holmberg, 1986;Krosnick, 1988b;McGraw, Lodge, & Stroh, 1990), inferences about others' personality traits (Judd & Johnson, 1981), and many other cognitive processes. Similar sorts of relations have been documented between other strength-2 related attitude attributes and the four defining features of strong attitudes (for a review, see . But considerably less is known about the relations among the strength-related attitude attributes themselves. In fact, a controversy has emerged in the attitude literature in recent years regarding the underlying structure of these attributes.In this chapter, we review this controversy and the empirical evidence and conceptual assumptions that have fueled it. We then draw on a diverse set of recent studies to shed new light on the conceptual and practical utility of the competing perspectives. Finally, we consider the implications of our findings for the conceptualization of attitude strength and for the methods by which it is studied. We begin below by defining each strength-rela...

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Construct Validity and Error Components of Survey Measures: A Structural Modeling Approach

Cited by 356 publications

References 35 publications

Response Effects in Surveys on Children and Adolescents: The Effect of Number of Response Options, Negative Wording, and Neutral Mid-Point

Response Effects in Surveys on Children and Adolescents: The Effect of Number of Response Options, Negative Wording, and Neutral Mid-Point

Measuring Left-Right Political Orientation: The Choice of Response Format

Exploring the Latent Structure of Strength‐related Attitude Attributes

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