1994
DOI: 10.1002/1098-108x(199409)16:2<187::aid-eat2260160210>3.0.co;2-u
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Construct validity of the three-factor eating questionnaire: Flexible and rigid control subscales

Abstract: This study investigated the construct validity of two dietary restraint subscales, flexible control (FC) and rigid control (RC), identified by Westenhoefer (1991; Appetite, 16, 45-55) as a subset of the restraint scale items from the Three-Factor fating Questionnaire (TffQ, Stunkard & Messick. [19851. journal of Psychosomatic Research, 29, 71-83). The subjects were 31 women on long-term personality disorder units. Based on the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-//I-R (SCID), 68% has past anorexia andlor b… Show more

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Cited by 62 publications
(45 citation statements)
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“…25 Higher scores on rigid restraint show consistently positive associations with measures of disinhibited eating, whereas flexible restraint typically has a negative association. [83][84][85] Rigid restraint has also been generally demonstrated to have a positive association with BMI, whereas associations between flexible restraint and BMI are more variable, 43,84,86,87 although a distinction has not been seen in all studies. 88,89 The degree of overlap between the concept of 'restraint' (often seen as a long-term or habitual pattern of eating behavior) and that of 'dieting' has also been raised in discussion of the sequelae of restrictive eating behavior.…”
Section: Different Types Of Restraint May Have Divergent Associationsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…25 Higher scores on rigid restraint show consistently positive associations with measures of disinhibited eating, whereas flexible restraint typically has a negative association. [83][84][85] Rigid restraint has also been generally demonstrated to have a positive association with BMI, whereas associations between flexible restraint and BMI are more variable, 43,84,86,87 although a distinction has not been seen in all studies. 88,89 The degree of overlap between the concept of 'restraint' (often seen as a long-term or habitual pattern of eating behavior) and that of 'dieting' has also been raised in discussion of the sequelae of restrictive eating behavior.…”
Section: Different Types Of Restraint May Have Divergent Associationsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Recent ED research considered that the perception of control pertained only to the domain of eating and body weight and image (Eiber, Mirabel-Sarron, & Urdapilleta, 2005;Shearin, Russ, Hull, Clarkin, & Smith, 1994). However, control is an ample and complex construct, linked not only to eating and body aspect but also to life in general (Orbach, 1978(Orbach, , 1986Rotter, 1966Rotter, , 1990Shapiro & Astin, 1998;Surgenor, Horn, Plumridge, & Hudson, 2002).…”
Section: Control In Edmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…It encompasses two distinct behavioural subscales of eating behaviour: rigid control, characterized by an 'all or nothing' approach, and flexible control, which comprises a 'more or less' approach to weight and eating (16,17) . In studies validating these psychological constructs, rigid control was associated with a higher BMI and disordered eating patterns, whereas flexible control was associated with a lower BMI and a more pronounced weight loss (18)(19)(20)(21)(22) . However, information on the association between cognitive control and central obesity, prediabetes and dietary food patterns is currently limited.…”
mentioning
confidence: 98%