Constructing a cell microenvironment with biomaterial scaffolds for stem cell therapy

Zhao, Xiaotong; Li, Qiong; Guo, Zhikun; Li, Zongjin

doi:10.1186/s13287-021-02650-w

Cited by 48 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 139 publications

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“…To create such scaffolds, TPP have shown to be an ideal method of fabrication, where several size orders of magnitude can be spanned needed for the incorporation of 3D morphological hierarchy, thereby replicating the structural influence of the ECM on cells. While 3D TPP has been used to mimic ECM structures for example in the context of cell differentiation [ 30 , 31 ], and stem cell therapy [ 32 , 33 ], or to generate 3D microenvironments suited to conduct in vitro tests of medical therapies [ 34 ], here we propose the application of TPP to generate 3D metrology structures for the analysis of cell packing and cell motility. The systematically changed dimensions of wall separations and niches allow us to use the 3D polymer structures to “act as rulers“, that are able to operate on the typical dimensions of cellular sizes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D Polymer Architectures for the Identification of Optimal Dimensions for Cellular Growth of 3D Cellular Models

et al. 2022

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Organ-on-chips and scaffolds for tissue engineering are vital assay tools for pre-clinical testing and prediction of human response to drugs and toxins, while providing an ethical sound replacement for animal testing. A success criterion for these models is the ability to have structural parameters for optimized performance. Here we show that two-photon polymerization fabrication can create 3D test platforms, where scaffold parameters can be directly analyzed by their effects on cell growth and movement. We design and fabricate a 3D grid structure, consisting of wall structures with niches of various dimensions for probing cell attachment and movement, while providing easy access for fluorescence imaging. The 3D structures are fabricated from bio-compatible polymer SZ2080 and subsequently seeded with A549 lung epithelia cells. The seeded structures are imaged with confocal microscopy, where spectral imaging with linear unmixing is used to separate auto-fluorescence scaffold contribution from the cell fluorescence. The volume of cellular material present in different sections of the structures is analyzed, to study the influence of structural parameters on cell distribution. Furthermore, time-lapse studies are performed to map the relation between scaffold parameters and cell movement. In the future, this kind of differentiated 3D growth platform, could be applied for optimized culture growth, cell differentiation, and advanced cell therapies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D Polymer Architectures for the Identification of Optimal Dimensions for Cellular Growth of 3D Cellular Models

et al. 2022

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“…For example, inadequate retention and survival of MSCs at the site of administration hinders their therapeutic efficacy, as demonstrated in an osteoarthritis study (Arshi et al, 2020). Exogenous stem cells are not conducive to survival and proliferation in the ischemia and inflammatory microenvironment and may even lead to the death of many cells in the body (Zhao et al, 2021). Inflammatory factors released by dead cells also cause peripheral inflammatory responses that are often detrimental to the survival of peripheral cells (Yuan et al, 2021a).…”

Section: Avoiding Side Effects Of Cell Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes from different sources in intervertebral disc degeneration

Xia

Yang²,

Hou³

et al. 2022

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is a main cause of lower back pain, leading to psychological and economic burdens to patients. Physical therapy only delays pain in patients but cannot eliminate the cause of IVDD. Surgery is required when the patient cannot tolerate pain or has severe neurological symptoms. Although surgical resection of IVD or decompression of the laminae eliminates the diseased segment, it damages adjacent normal IVD. There is also a risk of re-protrusion after IVD removal. Cell therapy has played a crucial role in the development of regenerative medicine. Cell transplantation promotes regeneration of degenerative tissue. However, owing to the lack of vascular structure in IVD, sufficient nutrients cannot be provided for transplanted mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). In addition, dead cells release harmful substances that aggravate IVDD. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been extensively studied as an emerging therapeutic approach. EVs generated by paracrine MSCs retain the potential of MSCs and serve as carriers to deliver their contents to target cells to regulate target cell activity. Owing to their double-layered membrane structure, EVs have a low immunogenicity and no immune rejection. Therefore, EVs are considered an emerging therapeutic modality in IVDD. However, they are limited by mass production and low loading rates. In this review, the structure of IVD and advantages of EVs are introduced, and the application of MSC-EVs in IVDD is discussed. The current limitations of EVs and future applications are described.

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“…Conversely, biomaterials fabricated for internal injection have relatively high viscosity and soft mechanical strength with more cohesive and gel-like characteristics. Currently, a number of studies have investigated the effects of structural (mechanical) and chemical characteristics of biomaterials on various cellular functions such as self-renewability, migratory capacity, and metabolic activity ( Ma et al, 2019 ; Zhao X. et al, 2021 ; Peressotti et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: The Correlation Between the Physical Properties Of Biomateri...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing Stem Cell-Based Therapeutic Potential by Combining Various Bioengineering Technologies

Hong

2022

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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Stem cell-based therapeutics have gained tremendous attention in recent years due to their wide range of applications in various degenerative diseases, injuries, and other health-related conditions. Therapeutically effective bone marrow stem cells, cord blood- or adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), embryonic stem cells (ESCs), and more recently, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have been widely reported in many preclinical and clinical studies with some promising results. However, these stem cell-only transplantation strategies are hindered by the harsh microenvironment, limited cell viability, and poor retention of transplanted cells at the sites of injury. In fact, a number of studies have reported that less than 5% of the transplanted cells are retained at the site of injury on the first day after transplantation, suggesting extremely low (<1%) viability of transplanted cells. In this context, 3D porous or fibrous national polymers (collagen, fibrin, hyaluronic acid, and chitosan)-based scaffold with appropriate mechanical features and biocompatibility can be used to overcome various limitations of stem cell-only transplantation by supporting their adhesion, survival, proliferation, and differentiation as well as providing elegant 3-dimensional (3D) tissue microenvironment. Therefore, stem cell-based tissue engineering using natural or synthetic biomimetics provides novel clinical and therapeutic opportunities for a number of degenerative diseases or tissue injury. Here, we summarized recent studies involving various types of stem cell-based tissue-engineering strategies for different degenerative diseases. We also reviewed recent studies for preclinical and clinical use of stem cell-based scaffolds and various optimization strategies.

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Constructing a cell microenvironment with biomaterial scaffolds for stem cell therapy

Cited by 48 publications

References 139 publications

3D Polymer Architectures for the Identification of Optimal Dimensions for Cellular Growth of 3D Cellular Models

3D Polymer Architectures for the Identification of Optimal Dimensions for Cellular Growth of 3D Cellular Models

Application of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes from different sources in intervertebral disc degeneration

Enhancing Stem Cell-Based Therapeutic Potential by Combining Various Bioengineering Technologies

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