Constructing a Neurology of Anger

Potegal, Michael; Stemmler, Gerhard

doi:10.1007/978-0-387-89676-2_4

Cited by 23 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 118 publications

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“…As for the increase in both GMd and WMd of the temporal lobes noted in ODD participants, several neuroimaging investigations have reported increased temporal lobe activity/volume in participants with antisocial personality disorders, aggressive/impulsive behavior, and with callous unemotional traits (Blair, 2009; Bufkin & Luttrell, 2005; De Brito et al., 2009). Of note, our results reporting increase in the anterior temporal lobe and decrease in the orbitofrontal cortex are consistent with models explaining anger and aggressive behavior as an interaction between ventromedial and orbitofrontal areas through feedback from the temporal lobe (Potegal & Stemmler, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

The Relationship between Social Defiance, Vindictiveness, Anger, and Brain Morphology in Eight‐year‐old Boys and Girls

et al. 2012

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The goal of this study is twofold: (1) to assess brain anatomical differences between children meeting diagnostic criteria for oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) and healthy controls, and (2) to investigate whether morphological brain characteristics associated with ODD differ in boys and girls. were scanned using magnetic resonance imaging. ODD symptoms were assessed using the Dominic-R interactive. In ODD participants, we observed a significant reduction of gray matter density in the left orbitofrontal cortex-a prefrontal region that plays a pivotal role in emotional self-regulation and impulse control-and, conversely, an increase in the left temporal area-an area that has been associated with aggressive, impulsive, and antisocial personality. Furthermore, ODD boys showed a reduction of both gray matter density in the left orbitofrontal cortex and of white matter density in the left superior frontal area. The structural abnormalities found in the present study, in particular, the correlation between ODD symptoms and reduction of gray matter density in the left orbitofrontal cortex, may present some evidence for the existence of neuropathology associated with ODD symptoms during childhood. Furthermore, our findings indicate morphometric differences between boys and girls with ODD, which may be associated with gender differences in social behavior in children showing ODD symptoms.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

The Relationship between Social Defiance, Vindictiveness, Anger, and Brain Morphology in Eight‐year‐old Boys and Girls

et al. 2012

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“…When applied to behavior, reductionism posits that once the fundamental neurological principles have been identified, it becomes superfluous to speak of the psychological construct. For example, brain activity reputed to involve the subjective report of anger has been identified in the posterior and middle temporal cortices as well as ventromedial and orbitofrontal areas (Potegal & Stemmler, 2010). While brain imaging studies have shown this neural activity, it does nothing for the understanding or interpretation of the construct of anger, which refers to a functional state that can be demonstrated by emitted behaviors.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Can Behavior Analysis Benefit from Reductionism?

Gewirtz

Maharaj

2012

European Journal of Behavior Analysis

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“…2) Fear is typically considered as a basic "emotion"; in contrast, anxiety is typically considered as a negative "mood". 4 Although most of the time anger accompanies aggression and hostility, these three are conceptually different and may even involve different neural substrates (Potegal & Stemmler, 2010). Anger is a subjective feeling; aggression is a behavior, which may occur before or after anger.…”

Section: Definition Of Emotionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The MTL consists of the hippocampus and amygdala, which are critical for memory and the reaction to environmental threats, respectively. Therefore, it has been suggested that the MTL is involved in the initiation of anger and aggressive behaviors because the emotion can be triggered internally by memory and externally by environmental threats (Potegal & Stemmler, 2010).…”

Section: The Temporal Lobementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Biologically, different emotions are implemented by distinct neural circuits, which may age at different rates; e.g., medial temporal lobe and dopamine-dependent reward system are both involved in the generation of anger and are known to undergo significant structural and functional decline with age (Potegal & Stemmler, 2010). From an environmental perspective, after retiring from work and rearing children, older adults have a significant reduction of exposure to situations probing negative emotions particularly anger (Susan Turk Charles & Almeida, 2007;M.…”

Section: Caveat 1: Different Effects Of Aging On Different Discrete Ementioning

confidence: 99%

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Dynamic characteristics of emotion and effects of emotion on driving in normal aging and Parkinson’s disease

Chen¹

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Previous studies have shown that the experience of negative emotions is rarer, while experience of positive emotions is more frequent in the elderly, suggesting an overall improvement in emotional well-being as people age. However, most research did not account for the dynamic characteristics of emotions (e.g. peak intensity, latency, duration) and the levels of emotional challenges. In addition, since most previous studies have focused on studying the experience, expression, and psychophysiological response of emotion, it is still not fully understood how performance in cognitive or behavioral tasks (e.g., automobile driving) can be affected by emotions in older age. To address this gap, the current study examined the effect of normal aging on the dynamic processes of emotion during different levels of emotional challenge (aim 1), and the effect of emotion on driving in older adults as compared to middle-aged adults (aim 2).Parkinson's disease (PD) is an age-related neurodegenerative disease that shares similar pathological characteristics with the process of normal aging (i.e., reduced dopamine), but to a much higher degree. In addition to investigating the effect of normal aging, the current study also examined the effect of "abnormal aging" on emotion and driving using PD as a model (aim 3).Participants included 16 older (65 -79 years old), 16 middle-aged (38 -55 years old) neurologically normal adults, and 16 patients with mild PD (56 -80 years old). This study focused on fear and anger, the two negative emotions that are most likely to be elicited by driving experiences and to disrupt driving behaviors. Low-level and high-level fear and anger challenges were created using simulated driving scenarios: 1) Low fear task, participants drove in fog and frequently encountered static obstacles on the road; 2) High fear task, participants drove at nighttime and frequently encountered deer running across the road; 3) Low anger task, participants drove following a slow-moving vehicle; 4) High anger task, participants followed a slow vehicle iv and were honked at by a tailgating vehicle. Participants rated the intensity of fear and anger experiences at 1-minute intervals when they were driving.Comparing older adults against middle-aged adults, it was found that 1) fear intensity was lower in older adults in the low fear task. In contrast, latency and duration of fear were similar between groups in both fear tasks. 2) Anger intensity was lower in older adults in both anger tasks.Anger latency and duration were similar between groups in the high anger task, but anger took longer to develop and was of shorter duration in older adults in the low anger task. 3) In the low fear task, older adults exhibited more cautious driving behaviors (e.g., more frequent uses of brake). In the high anger task older adults were less able to control the acceleration and brake pedals smoothly (e.g., higher forces for brake and acceleration). These results suggest that age differences in the dynamic processes of emotion and the effect of em...

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Constructing a Neurology of Anger

Cited by 23 publications

References 118 publications

The Relationship between Social Defiance, Vindictiveness, Anger, and Brain Morphology in Eight‐year‐old Boys and Girls

The Relationship between Social Defiance, Vindictiveness, Anger, and Brain Morphology in Eight‐year‐old Boys and Girls

Can Behavior Analysis Benefit from Reductionism?

Dynamic characteristics of emotion and effects of emotion on driving in normal aging and Parkinson’s disease

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