Constructing Domain Ontology for Alzheimer Disease Using Deep Learning Based Approach

Abstract

Facts can be exchanged in multiple fields with the help of disease-specific ontologies. A range of diverse values can be produced by mining ontological approaches for demonstrating disease mechanisms. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an incurable neurological brain illness. An early diagnosis of AD can be helpful for better treatment and the prevention of brain tissue destruction. Researchers have used machine learning techniques to predict the early detection of AD. However, Alzheimer’s disorders are still underexplored in the knowledge domain. In the biomedical field, the illustration of terminologies and notions is essential. Multiple methods are adopted to represent these notions, but ontologies are the most frequent and accurate. Ontology construction is a complex and time-consuming process. The designed ontology relies on Disease Ontology (DO), which is considered the benchmark in medical practice. Ontology reasoning mechanisms can be adopted for AD identification. In this paper, a deep convolutional neural network-based approach is proposed to diagnose Alzheimer’s disease, using an AD dataset acquired from Kaggle. Machine learning-based approaches (logistic regression, gradient boosting, XGB, SGD, MLP, SVM, KNN, random forest) are also used for a fair comparison. The simulation results are generated using three strategies (default parameters, 10-cross validation, and grid search), and MLP provides superior results on a default parameter strategy with an accuracy of 92.12%. Furthermore, the deep learning-based approach convolutional neural network (CNN) achieved an accuracy of 94.61%. The experimental results indicate that the construction of ontology, with the help of deep learning knowledge, can produce better results where the robustness and scalability can be enhanced. In comparisons to other methods, the CNN results are excellent and encouraging.

Review and analysis of deep neural network models for Alzheimer's disease classification using brain medical resonance imaging

“…Finally, a framework was used for the comparative analysis of CNN-based different approaches. Bangyal Waqas Haider et al [14] proposed a CNN-based approach for the identification of AD. Machine learning techniques were also used for the performance comparison.…”

“…Bangyal Waqas Haider et al. [14] proposed a CNN‐based approach for the identification of AD. Machine learning techniques were also used for the performance comparison.…”

Deep learning-based switchable network for in-loop filtering in high efficiency video coding

“…This is applied for I, P, and B frame training. Totally 2,034 frames constitute the database of intra training [26], [27] and 2,628 for P and B frames. For I frame the frames are selected randomly from the reconstructed sequence.…”

Firefly-CDDL: A Firefly-Based Algorithm for Cyberbullying Detection Based on Deep Learning

“…Similarly, they applied several deep learning algorithms on the same dataset and BiLSTM algorithms performed the best, achieving 97% in all three measures: precision, recall and accuracy. Deep learning also performed better than classical machine learning algorithms in [24], where the researchers were interested in building domain ontology for Alzheimer's disease. They compared classical machine learning approaches, such as logistic regression and gradient boosting, with deep learning approaches such as CNN, which outperformed classical approaches and permitted future scalability and robustness.…”