Construction and Demolition Waste-Derived Feedstock: Fuel Characterization of a Potential Resource for Sustainable Aviation Fuels Production

Abstract

Detailed characterization of physical and fuel properties of construction and demolition waste (CDW) can support research and commercial efforts to develop sustainable aviation fuels. The current study reports time-series data for bulk density, mineral composition, reactivity, and fuel properties (proximate analysis, ultimate analysis, heating value and ash fusibility) of the combustible material fraction of samples mined from an active CDW landfill on the island of Oʻahu, Hawaiʻi. The fuel properties are in ranges comparable to other reference solid wastes such as demolition wood, municipal solid wastes, and landfilled materials. Ash fusion temperatures (from initial deformation to fluid deformation) among the samples were found to lie in a narrow range from 1,117 to 1,247°C. Despite higher ash contents, the CDW derived feedstock samples had comparable heating values to reference biomass and construction wood samples, indicating the presence of higher energy content materials (e.g., plastics, roofing material, etc.) in addition to wood. The waste samples show lower reactivity peaks in the devolatilization stage, but higher reactivity peaks (located at lower temperatures) in the gasification and combustion stage, compared with those of reference biomass and construction woods. Mineral elemental analysis revealed that materials from various sources (gypsum, plastic, rust, paint, paint additives, and soils) were present in the samples. Soil recovered from the landfill contained higher Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mn, Pb, and Zn levels than soil samples from elsewhere on the island. Results from this study can provide insight on variations in the physical and fuel properties of the CDW derived feedstocks, and support the design of conversion systems.

Resources for renewable natural gas: A Hawaii case study

“…Through 2020, approximately 236,000 Mg year −1 (635 Mg days −1 ) of CDW was disposed at the PVT CDW landfill in Nanakuli. Bach et al reported that roughly 20% of the material sampled from a feedstock processing line was inert and the combustible remainder had an energy content of 18 MJ kg −1 77 . Assuming 90% material recovery and preparation yield and 60% conversion efficiency, 71,74 the CDW material landfilled on Oahu could potentially produce up to 3000 TJ of RNG per year.…”

“…CDW is disposed separately in the City & County of Honolulu.Through 2020, approximately 236,000 Mg year À1 (635 Mg days À1 ) of CDW was disposed at the PVT CDW landfill in Nanakuli. Bach et al reported that roughly 20% of the material sampled from a feedstock processing line was inert and the combustible remainder had an energy content of 18 MJ kg À1 77. Assuming 90% material recoveryT A B L E 4…”