Construction and evaluation of a gold-deposited optical fiber sensor system for measurements of refractive indices of alcohols

Mitsushio, Masaru; Higashi, Shusaku; Higo, Morihide

doi:10.1016/j.sna.2003.11.029

Cited by 61 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…37,39,40 The surface morphology of the deposited gold films on glass observed by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and a variation in resistance of the films with various thicknesses support the above findings. 37,39,40 In the present study, the structure of the sensing element of the gold-deposited optical fiber sensor has been simplified and the performance has been evaluated for quantitative analyses of various alcohols. A gold film with thicknesses of 10 -80 nm was deposited onto half of the bare core of the optical fiber.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 53%

“…39 Though the core of the gold-deposited optical fiber sensors is completely covered with thin gold films, the response curve has a sharp minimum at 1.462 RI units due to the leakage of the light through defects in the thin deposited gold films to the sample solution with the same refractivity as that of the core. 37,39,40 The surface morphology of the deposited gold films on glass observed by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and a variation in resistance of the films with various thicknesses support the above findings. 37,39,40 In the present study, the structure of the sensing element of the gold-deposited optical fiber sensor has been simplified and the performance has been evaluated for quantitative analyses of various alcohols.…”

mentioning

confidence: 53%

“…The procedure and materials for preparing the sensing element were the same, [35][36][37][38][39][40] except for deposition of the gold film. The diameters of the core, clad, and jacket of a plastic cladding stepindex multi-mode optical fiber (Showa Electric Wire & Cable NJ-PF200/300) were 200, 300, 900 µm, respectively.…”

Section: Construction Of the Sensing Elementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A part of the incident light disappears by the SPR and the intensity of the transmitted light varies depending on the refractivity of the sample solution. [35][36][37][38][39][40] We have performed the analyses of various alcohol solutions [35][36][37][38][39][40] and some esters in ethanol 36 and have demonstrated the usefulness of this sensor system. Theoretical analyses for the responses of these sensors over a wide range of refractivity (1.33 -1.54 RI units) with traditional SPR equations and the Fresnel equation have also been carried out and a good agreement was obtained between the results.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

“…We have already developed a small and simple gold-deposited optical fiber sensor system without scanning the wavelength or changing the angle of incident light. [35][36][37][38][39][40] The sensing element has a thin (30 -60 nm) gold film deposited all around the bare core of an optical fiber and a sample solution flows around it. When light with an intensity distribution is introduced into the optical fiber of the sensor with a focusing lens, the SPR occurs at the interface between the gold film and the sample solution.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Simplification and Evaluation of a Gold-deposited SPR Optical Fiber Sensor

Mitsushio

Higo

2004

ANAL. SCI.

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New sensor systems using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) have been developed for measuring the refractive index (RI) of an analyte. 1,2 The systems use an optical phenomenon in which incident light excites a charge-density wave at the interface between a metal and a dielectric. 1,2 An SPR sensor allows the realization of quick determination of the RI of a sample with high accuracy. However, the usual SPR sensor systems utilize bulk optical configurations that are limited by the use of a coupling prism. Furthermore, since the SPR system requires a spectrometer or a rotation stage, the resulting systems are relatively large and expensive, are inapplicable for remote sensing applications. 3 Optical fiber sensors based on the SPR phenomenon have been developed. These systems replace a coupling prism with an optical fiber, and the SPR phenomenon is applicable to analyses of liquid or gas samples. The systems have a sensing element of a deposited metal film on the core of an optical fiber and must scan the wavelength 3,4 or change the angle of incident light. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] Another type of the sensor based on SPR in a thin deposited metal film on the core of an optical fiber implanted in a silica block and polished has been reported. [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] A gold island SPR sensor has also been investigated. [24][25][26][27][28][29] Most theoretical analyses for the optical fiber sensors using SPR are based on the traditional Kretschmann configuration and the response curves have been calculated. 3,6,12,14,[16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][30][31][32][33][34] However, these analyses are made for the sensors in a restricted range of the refractivity (less than 1.45 RI units). Thus, a theoretical investigation of the response of the gold-deposited optical fiber sensor over a wider range of refractivity is necessary to understand the mechanism of the response.An optical fiber sensor system based on SPR without scanning the wavelength or changing the angle of incident light is desired for remote sensing, continuous analysis, and in situ monitoring using a small and inexpensive sensing element. We have already developed a small and simple gold-deposited optical fiber sensor system without scanning the wavelength or changing the angle of incident light. [35][36][37][38][39][40] The sensing element has a thin (30 -60 nm) gold film deposited all around the bare core of an optical fiber and a sample solution flows around it. When light with an intensity distribution is introduced into the optical fiber of the sensor with a focusing lens, the SPR occurs at the interface between the gold film and the sample solution. A part of the incident light disappears by the SPR and the intensity of the transmitted light varies depending on the refractivity of the sample solution. [35][36][37][38][39][40] We have performed the analyses of various alcohol solutions [35][36][37][38][39][40] and some esters in ethanol 36 and have demonstrated the usefulness of this sensor system. Theoretical analyses for the ...

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