Construction and Optimization of a Novel Acetylcholine Ion-Selective Electrode and its Application for Trace Level Determination of Propoxur Pesticide

Abstract

This research presents the construction and optimization of an acetylcholine, ACh, ion-selective electrode, ACh-ISE, aiming to use it for the quantification of the propoxur pesticide. This analytical quantification is based on the evaluation of the acetylcholinesterase enzyme inhibition percentage, %EI, provoked by the pesticide, as a function of propoxur concentration; where the %EI is followed by means of the potentiometric determination of acetylcholine that does not react with the enzyme, using the constructed ACh-ISE. It was found that the ACh-ISE depicted a sub-Nernstian slope of (42.7 ± 2.8) mV decade −1 , a ACh detection limit of 1.2 × 10 −5 mol l −1 , and the selectivity constants, K pot , of 0.03 and 0.24 for Na + and Choline + cations, respectively. K + and Ca 2+ did not interfere. This new method designed to determine propoxur attained an outstanding detection limit of (2.89 ± 0.97) × 10 −17 mol l −1 and a linear interval of (5.5 × 10 −15 -1.0 × 10 −4 ) mol l −1 .

Bee Pollen: Current Status and Therapeutic Potential

“…Propoxur (2-isopropoxyphenyl methylcarbamate) is a broad-spectrum carbamate insecticide that acts against pests in food and is used against bugs, millipedes, fleas, ants, mosquitoes, and cockroaches. It is toxic due to its ability to inhibit cholinesterase enzymes [47,48]. Propoxur induces oxidative damage by creating free radicals and lipid peroxidation [49], as part of its pathophysiological pathways.…”

Electrochemical Determination of Pb(II) Using Carbon Paste Electrodes Modified with Ion Imprinted Polymers (IIPs)

“…Its quantification has been performed by sensible and selective analytic techniques such as flame atomic absorption spectrophotometric (FAAS), graphite atomic absorption spectrophotometric (GAAS) (6,7,8), inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) (9,10,11), high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) (12,13), and even capillary electrophoresis (CE) (14,15). However, these techniques require sophisticated instruments and sample pretreatment, which usually increases the cost of the analysis (16,17,18).…”

Quantitative Analysis of Pb(II) Based on Differential Pulse Anodic Stripping Voltammetry and IIP-Carbon Paste Electrodes

“…However, these require an exhaustive sample pretreatment and sophisticated high-cost instrumentation. [31][32][33][34][35] In this sense, the search for new analytical alternatives has attracted the interest of researchers, especially regarding electrochemical ones, since they can solve the disadvantages of conventional techniques and can easily identify the redox state of the analyte with low analysis times. 36,37 Within the electrochemical techniques, differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) has been the most widely used to quantify Pb(II).…”