Construction of a weight-based seed sorting system for the third-generation hybrid rice

Wu, Jianxin; Qiu, Shijun; Wang, Menglong; Xu, Chunjue; Deng, Xing Wang; Tang, Xiaoyan

doi:10.1186/s12284-021-00510-y

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The wild-type male fertility gene is to restore the fertility of the mutant plant, the pollen-killer gene is to kill the pollen grains carrying the transgene, and the seed-marker gene is to distinguish the transgenic seeds from the nontransgenic male sterile seeds. A number of systems have been constructed in various crop plants such as maize, rice, and foxtail millet based on this principle, by using various male fertility genes, various pollen killer genes, and different types of seed marker gene (Chang et al 2016a ; Wu et al 2016 , 2021 ; Zhang et al 2018 , 2023 ; An et al 2019 ; Song et al 2021 ; Cai et al 2023 ). This principle has also been used for development of a technology aiming at propagation of a female sterile line in rice (Xia et al 2019 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Construction of a Female Sterility Maintaining System Based on a Novel Mutation of the MEL2 Gene

Wang,

Yuan,

Wang

et al. 2024

Rice

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Background Hybrid rice has significant yield advantage and stress tolerance compared with inbred rice. However, production of hybrid rice seeds requires extensive manual labors. Currently, hybrid rice seeds are produced by crosspollination of male sterile lines by fertile paternal lines. Because seeds from paternal lines can contaminate the hybrid seeds, mechanized production by mixed-seeding and mixed-harvesting is difficult. This problem can be solved if the paternal line is female sterile. Results Here we identified a female infertile mutant named h569 carrying a novel mutation (A1106G) in the MEL2 gene that was previously reported to regulate meiosis entry both in male and female organs. h569 mutant is female infertile but male normal, suggesting that MEL2 regulates meiosis entry in male and female organs through distinct pathways. The MEL2 gene and h569 mutant gave us tools to construct female sterility maintaining systems that can be used for propagation of female sterile lines. We connected the wild-type MEL2 gene with pollen-killer gene ZmAA1 and seed-marker gene DsRed2 in one T-DNA cassette and transformed it into ZZH1607, a widely used restorer line. Transgenic line carrying a single transgene inserted in an intergenic region was selected to cross with h569 mutant. F2 progeny carrying homozygous A1106G mutation and hemizygous transgene displayed 1:1 segregation of fertile and infertile pollen grains and 1:1 segregation of fluorescent and non-fluorescent seeds upon self-fertilization. All of the non-fluorescent seeds generated female infertile plants, while the fluorescent seeds generated fertile plants that reproduced in the way as their previous generation. Conclusions These results indicated that the female sterility maintaining system constructed in the study can be used to breed and propagate paternal lines that are female infertile. The application of this system will enable mechanized production of hybrid rice seed by using the mixed-seeding and mixed harvesting approach, which will significantly reduce the cost in hybrid rice seed production.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Construction of a Female Sterility Maintaining System Based on a Novel Mutation of the MEL2 Gene

Wang,

Yuan,

Wang

et al. 2024

Rice

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“…For instance, one study sought to develop a smart sterile line for the growth of hybrid rice by using an artificial cytoplasmic male sterile lines gene as a pollen killer [ 19 ]. Another work used a transgenic construct to modify a recessive nuclear male sterile (NMS) mutant to create a weight-based seed-sorting mechanism for third-generation hybrid rice [ 115 ]. Furthermore, DuPont Pioneer has developed a seed production method for maize by introducing a fertility-restoration gene into a male sterile mutant.…”

Section: Breeding Techniques For Producing Hybrid Ricementioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid Rice Production: A Worldwide Review of Floral Traits and Breeding Technology, with Special Emphasis on China

Ashraf,

Ghouri,

Baloch

et al. 2024

Plants

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Rice is an important diet source for the majority of the world’s population, and meeting the growing need for rice requires significant improvements at the production level. Hybrid rice production has been a significant breakthrough in this regard, and the floral traits play a major role in the development of hybrid rice. In grass species, rice has structural units called florets and spikelets and contains different floret organs such as lemma, palea, style length, anther, and stigma exsertion. These floral organs are crucial in enhancing rice production and uplifting rice cultivation at a broader level. Recent advances in breeding techniques also provide knowledge about different floral organs and how they can be improved by using biotechnological techniques for better production of rice. The rice flower holds immense significance and is the primary focal point for researchers working on rice molecular biology. Furthermore, the unique genetics of rice play a significant role in maintaining its floral structure. However, to improve rice varieties further, we need to identify the genomic regions through mapping of QTLs (quantitative trait loci) or by using GWAS (genome-wide association studies) and their validation should be performed by developing user-friendly molecular markers, such as Kompetitive allele-specific PCR (KASP). This review outlines the role of different floral traits and the benefits of using modern biotechnological approaches to improve hybrid rice production. It focuses on how floral traits are interrelated and their possible contribution to hybrid rice production to satisfy future rice demand. We discuss the significance of different floral traits, techniques, and breeding approaches in hybrid rice production. We provide a historical perspective of hybrid rice production and its current status and outline the challenges and opportunities in this field.

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“… Color-based seed sorting method Fluorescent sorting machine Rice, Maize (Wu et al 2016 ; Chang et al 2016 ; Qi et al 2020 ) AGP synthesis protein Using amiRNAs to suppress AGP gene expression interfered with endosperm starch synthesis. Weight-based seed sorting method Weight-sorting machines Rice (Wu et al 2021 ) Anthocyanins synthesis gene ANT1 Induce transgenic seedlings to accumulate a greater quantity of anthocyanins, thereby making them purple. Color-based seedling sorting method Naked eye Tomato (Du et al 2020 ) Herbicide-resistant Bar gene Bar gene makes plants no longer sensitive to glufosinate by changing the metabolic pathway of plants.…”

Section: Research On and Innovation In Seed-sorting Elementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this system, the GMS seeds possess normal endosperm and are heavier, whereas the maintainer seeds have shrunken endosperms and are lighter. The GMS seeds can be conveniently and precisely separated from the maintainer seeds using a weight-sorting machine, thus ensuring the availability of pure and fully filled GMS seeds (Wu et al 2021 ). The weight-based sorting machines can process 3,000–6,000 kg of rice seeds per hour (Wu et al 2021 ), a sorting efficiency approximately 100 times higher than the fluorescence sorter.…”

Section: Research On and Innovation In Seed-sorting Elementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishment and Advances of Third-Generation Hybrid Rice Technology: A Review

Chen,

Wu,

Deng

et al. 2023

Rice

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Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most important food crops worldwide. The utilisation of heterosis (hybrid vigour) has played a significant role in increasing rice yield and ensuring food supply. Over the past 50 years, the first-generation three-line system based on cytoplasmic male sterility, and the second-generation two-line system based on environment-sensitive genic male sterility (EGMS), have been widely applied in hybrid rice production. However, the three-line system is restricted by the matching relationship among the three parental lines and allows only ~ 2–5% of germplasms to be explored for elite combinations. The environmental sensitivity of EGMS lines has posed serious risks to the production of hybrid seeds. These factors have hindered the development and applications of hybrid rice. Third-generation hybrid rice technology (TGHRT) is based on environment-insensitive genic male sterility, which can effectively overcome the intrinsic problems of the three-line and two-line systems. Since the establishment of TGHRT, numerous findings and innovations have been reported. This paper gives a brief review of traditional hybrid rice technologies and discusses the establishment of TGHRT, technical innovations in TGHRT, and future research that is necessary to promote the wide application of TGHRT in rice production.

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Construction of a weight-based seed sorting system for the third-generation hybrid rice

Cited by 10 publications

References 17 publications

Construction of a Female Sterility Maintaining System Based on a Novel Mutation of the MEL2 Gene

Construction of a Female Sterility Maintaining System Based on a Novel Mutation of the MEL2 Gene

Hybrid Rice Production: A Worldwide Review of Floral Traits and Breeding Technology, with Special Emphasis on China

Establishment and Advances of Third-Generation Hybrid Rice Technology: A Review

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