Construction of Gossypium barbadense Mutant Library Provides Genetic Resources for Cotton Germplasm Improvement

Abstract

Allotetraploid cotton (Gossypium hirsutum and Gossypium barbadense) are cultivated worldwide for its white fiber. For centuries, conventional breeding approaches increase cotton yield at the cost of extensive erosion of natural genetic variability. Sea Island cotton (G. barbadense) is known for its superior fiber quality, but show poor adaptability as compared to Upland cotton. Here, in this study, we use ethylmethanesulfonate (EMS) as a mutagenic agent to induce genome-wide point mutations to improve the current germplasm resources of Sea Island cotton and develop diverse breeding lines with improved adaptability and excellent economic traits. We determined the optimal EMS experimental procedure suitable for construction of cotton mutant library. At M6 generation, mutant library comprised of lines with distinguished phenotypes of the plant architecture, leaf, flower, boll, and fiber. Genome-wide analysis of SNP distribution and density in yellow leaf mutant reflected the better quality of mutant library. Reduced photosynthetic efficiency and transmission electron microscopy of yellow leaf mutants revealed the effect of induced mutations at physiological and cellular level. Our mutant collection will serve as the valuable resource for basic research on cotton functional genomics, as well as cotton breeding.

Ethyl methanesulfonate mutant library construction in Neopyropia yezoensis to provide germplasm resources for next-generation genome-selection breeding

“…Two color mutants were selected for re-sequencing at the genome-wide level and the results showed that the SNP identified were distributed evenly on the three chromosomes. However, the mutation densities in the two color-mutants were 3SNV/Mb and 7SNV/Mb, which were lower than those of higher plants, such as 1/11.8 kb in soybean (Li et al, 2017), 181.7 SNP/Mb in cotton (Abid et al, 2020), 1/213 kb in foxtail (Sun et al, 2019), 1/309.5 kb in rice (Guo et al, 2021), 1/89 kb in Arabidopsis thaliana [4]. Generally, the mutation frequency could be increased due to genetic…”

Advances in genome sequencing and artificially induced mutation provides new avenues for cotton breeding

“…In the realm of cotton research, notable advancements have been achieved in the development of EMS-induced mutant libraries within diverse cotton species, such as G. arboreum ( Kong et al., 2017 ), G. barbadense ( Abid et al., 2020 ), G. hirsutum ( Lian et al., 2020 ; Wei et al., 2022 ), and G. herbaceum ( Kumar et al., 2022 ). It is noteworthy that the primary focus of these events centered on conventional cultivated G. hirsutum varieties.…”

“…The subsequent crucial step involves conducting preliminary experiments to ascertain the optimal concentration of EMS and the necessary treatment duration. It’s crucial to note that due to the distinctive chemical properties of EMS, utilizing a concentration that is too low may result in an insufficient mutation rate, whereas excessively high concentrations can induce plant mortality and impede seed germination ( Abid et al., 2020 ).…”

“…To strike the right balance, researchers commonly calculate the lethal dose (LD50) based on a 50% survival rate under conditions conducive to viable seed production. However, this calculation can pose challenges when dealing with genotypes that do not yield fertile seeds, a phenomenon observed in some instances ( Ke et al., 2019 ; Abid et al., 2020 ).…”

The use of induced mutagenesis in the creation of varieties and lines of spring barley using pulsed linear electron accelerator ilu-10

“…Сорт хлопчатника «Lumian 1» с высокой и стабильной урожайностью был успешно создан путем рентгеновского мутагенеза гибридного потомства линий «Zhongmian 2» и «1195» [13]. В последние годы путем космического мутагенеза также был получен ряд мутантов [15]. Например, Song и др.…”