Construction of polyphosphazene-functionalized Ti3C2TX with high efficient flame retardancy for epoxy and its synergetic mechanisms

Jiang, Hao; Xie, Yuhui; Zhu, Rui; Luo, Yong; Sheng, Xinxin; Xie, Delong; Mei, Yi

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2022.141049

Cited by 98 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Meanwhile, peaks of POH, POP, and POH at observed at 828, 1014 and 3652 cm −1 are difficult to directly distinguish because they overlap with the peaks of pyrolytic gas products of the EP. Nevertheless, this also indirectly demonstrates the gas phase activity of phosphorous groups, which contribute to the free radical quenching effect 61 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…Because an insufficient amount of carbon is formed during in the combustion process, some large holes are observed on the surface of the carbon layer of EP (Figure 5a). Additionally, the I D / I G (the ratio of the intensity of the sp 3 hybrid carbon atom to that of the sp 2 hybrid carbon atom) of pure EP is 3.09 (Figure 5f), showing that the degree of graphitization is low 61,68,69 . As shown in Figure 5b, the surface of the carbon layer of EP1 exhibits fewer holes than that of pure EP.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Additionally, the I D /I G (the ratio of the intensity of the sp 3 hybrid carbon atom to that of the sp 2 hybrid carbon atom) of pure EP is 3.09 (Figure 5f), showing that the degree of graphitization is low. 61,68,69 As shown in Figure 5b, the surface of the carbon layer of EP1 exhibits fewer holes than that of pure EP. Larger holes promote of heat and smoke transfer.…”

Section: Condensed Phasementioning

confidence: 91%

“…Nevertheless, this also indirectly demonstrates the gas phase activity of phosphorous groups, which contribute to the free radical quenching effect. 61 The absorbance intensity of each pyrolysis product changes with time, as shown in Figure 6d-h, and can be studied to further determine the effect of MH@ZB-ODOPB on the thermolysis behavior of EP composites. As shown in Figure 6d-f, the absorption intensity of the peaks of hydrocarbons, carbonyl compounds, and aromatic compounds in the spectrum of EP4 is considerably lower than that in the spectrum of neat EP.…”

Section: Gaseous Phasementioning

confidence: 99%

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Flame retardancy and smoke suppression effect of an organic–inorganic hybrid containing phosphaphenanthrene‐modified magnesium hydroxide/zinc borate on epoxy resin

et al. 2023

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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To improve the flame retardancy and smoke suppression effect of epoxy resin (EP), a new organic–inorganic hybrid (MH@ZB‐ODOPB) was fabricated. First, hierarchical‐structured particles (MH@ZB) were prepared by gradually depositing zinc borate (ZB) on the surface of magnesium hydroxide (MH) via a heterogeneous deposition process. Second, MH@ZB was modified with 10‐(2,5‐dihydroxyphenyl)‐10‐hydro‐9‐oxa‐10‐phospha‐phenanthrene‐10‐oxide (ODOPB) to obtain MH@ZB‐ODOPB. Finally, the chemical structure and form of MH@ZB‐ODOPB were analyzed via X‐ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The characterization results show that ZB was loaded onto the surface of MH, and ODOPB was grafted on the surface of MH@ZB. The cone calorimetry test results show that when 7.5 wt% MH@ZB‐ODOPB was added into EP, the peak heat release rates, total heat release, total smoke production, and peak smoke production rates decreased by 51.8%, 42.4%, 58.1%, and 66.1%, respectively. Moreover, EP/MH@ZB‐ODOPB exhibited a limiting oxygen index of 33%. These results show that the incorporation of MH@ZB‐ODOPB into EP composites considerably improved the flame retardancy and smoke suppression properties of EP composites. The double action of MH@ZB‐ODOPB in condensed and gas phases was investigated by analyzing the carbon residue and pyrolysis gas. Furthermore, the implementation of ODOPB improves the mechanical properties of EP composites.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Condensed Phasementioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Gaseous Phasementioning

confidence: 99%

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Flame retardancy and smoke suppression effect of an organic–inorganic hybrid containing phosphaphenanthrene‐modified magnesium hydroxide/zinc borate on epoxy resin

et al. 2023

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…FRCs have gained increasing popularity in crashworthiness applications due to their high specific strength, high specific stiffness, fuel economy, environmentally friendly, and excellent energy absorption performance. [19][20][21] As reported by Isaac and Ezekwem 22 nanocomposites have been employed as potential candidates for the fabrication of energy-absorbing structures. The reinforcement of nanophase particles with FRCs to form energy-absorbing structures has been shown to enhance their crushing characteristics and mechanical behavior.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy absorption capability of laterally loaded glass/epoxy tubular components containing halloysite nanotubes

Awd Allah,

Abd El-baky,

Alshahrani

et al. 2023

Journal of Composite Materials

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The crashworthiness capability of laterally loaded glass/epoxy (GFRE) tubular components containing halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) was explored in this article. GFRE components filled with 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 weight percent (wt.%) of HNTs were created using wet-wrapping by hand lay-up technique. For the laterally loaded tubes, the crushing load and the energy absorption versus displacement responses were presented. In addition, distortion histories were tracked. The crashworthiness analysis was carried out by evaluating different indicators, i.e., initial crush load [Formula: see text], average crush load ([Formula: see text]), crush load efficiency (CFE), energy absorption (U), and specific absorbed energy (SEA). Two parameters of the Weibull distribution were employed to assess the experimental findings statistically. In addition, mathematical regression models were built to predict the energy absorption indicators. Experimental results demonstrated that an unfilled tube demonstrated the largest CFE of 1.84, while the maximum [Formula: see text] was demonstrated by a tube filled with 2 wt.% of HNTs with a value of 3.70 kN. Additionally, the tube filled with 4 wt.% of HNTs represents the extremes [Formula: see text], U, and SEA with values of 4.26 kN, 128.82 J, and 3.84 J/g, respectively. Due to their improved crashworthiness characteristics, GFRE filled with 4 wt.% of HNTs is suitable for use as a crashworthy device in automobiles.

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MXene and Polymer Collision: Sparking the Future of High‐Performance Multifunctional Coatings

He,

Cui,

Chen

et al. 2024

Adv Funct Materials

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The development of nanomaterials is crucial to upgrading of modern industry. MXene nanosheets have attracted significant attention due to their superb resistance to permeation, diverse surface chemical properties, impressive mechanical properties, and metal‐like electrical and thermal conductivity, etc., providing unique advantages in various technical fields. When MXene nanosheets are combined with polymers to form functional coatings, their applications span multiple fields, including anticorrosion, wear resistance, flame‐retardancy, electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding, and de‐icing. This review, in conjunction with MXene's barrier property, lubricity, thermal stability, conductivity, and photothermal conversion property, discusses in detail the various applications of MXene‐based polymer coatings. Additionally, it examines the dispersion and interaction of MXene within polymer coatings and the role of functionalized MXene in polymers. Finally, based on the current research status and emerging needs, the development challenges and future research opportunities of MXene‐based polymer coatings in a targeted manner are discussed. This review aims to summarize the existing research results and put forward an objective and fair point of view, providing a constructive reference for upgrading modern nanofunctional polymer coatings.

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Construction of polyphosphazene-functionalized Ti3C2TX with high efficient flame retardancy for epoxy and its synergetic mechanisms

Cited by 98 publications

References 56 publications

Flame retardancy and smoke suppression effect of an organic–inorganic hybrid containing phosphaphenanthrene‐modified magnesium hydroxide/zinc borate on epoxy resin

Flame retardancy and smoke suppression effect of an organic–inorganic hybrid containing phosphaphenanthrene‐modified magnesium hydroxide/zinc borate on epoxy resin

Energy absorption capability of laterally loaded glass/epoxy tubular components containing halloysite nanotubes

MXene and Polymer Collision: Sparking the Future of High‐Performance Multifunctional Coatings

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