“…First Nations Australian peoples have strong cultural, linguistic and political identities, and are frequently expected to interact with Balanda systems and Englishspeaking staff from different cultural backgrounds. Communication partners from Euro-western cultures often lack awareness of the cultural specificity of their knowledge and skills, and of how colonial discourses shape their systems of service provision (Christie, 2009;Furlong & Wight, 2011;Kitson & Bowes, 2010;Lowell et al, 2005Lowell et al, , 2015Miller, 2015). Collaborative, sustained partnerships, encompassing reciprocal and effective intercultural communication, are pivotal in these contexts but, in practice, there are often many barriers to developing these partnerships (Grimes, 2012;Guenther & Osborne, 2018;Kerrigan et al, 2021b;Lowell et al, 2003Lowell et al, , 2015Miller, 2015;Trudgen, 2000;van Gelderen & Guthadjaka, 2021).…”