“…This content spans all types of topics and issues and includes brand loyalty, complaints, and dislikes (Steenkamp, 2017). Branding strategy emphasizes UGC because effective product and branding propositions lead to consumers creating content for the brand, discussing it, and helping it to gain market share at virtually no cost; this is typically called “earned content” (Charis et al, 2016; Cheregi, 2018; Quoquab et al, 2019). As Zhang et al argue, “social media reflect underlying social dynamics and values” and provide a “treasure” to social media marketers, strategic communicators, and institutional actors alike (Zhang et al, 2019, p. 182).…”