Consumers’ Behavioural Intention to Adopt Mobile Banking in Rural Sub-Saharan Africa Using an Extension of Technology Acceptance Model: Lessons from Zimbabwe

Abstract

The zeitgeist of mobile banking epoch in Sub-Saharan Africa has marked a fundamental transition from the use of physical currency, debit/credit cards and cheques towards a mobile banking e-commerce. In these countries mobile banking provides consumers with added-on advantages such as user-friendliness, cost effective, fast transaction speeds and increased customer satisfaction. Despite the popularity of mobile banking, consumers in most rural areas have largely remained excluded from such beneficial financial innovation. In addition, the extent to which mobile banking services are being adopted by rural consumers has not increased as expected, yet, economic growth and development of Sub-Saharan Africa could fundamentally be contingent on how these potential consumers adopt and use mobile banking innovations. The main objective of the study was to examine the adoption of mobile banking in Sub-Saharan African rural areas drawing lessons from Zimbabwe. Quantitative data was collected using a questionnaire from a random sample of 100 respondents. The findings show that the likelihood of adopting mobile banking in rural Sub-Saharan Africa regions are influenced by perceived usefulness, compatibility perceived ease of use and demographic factors. The likelihood of deferring the adoption of mobile banking are due to complexity, relative advantages, perceived usefulness, social influence and perceived risk. The study recommends policies that reduce perceived risk and complexity, increase trust, confidentiality and awareness knowledge among rural user. Contribution/Originality:The study contributes to the existing literature by employing both technology acceptance model and multinomial regression technique to examine factors that affect the probability of adopting mobile banking in rural areas of developing economies. INTRODUCTIONSince time immemorial, payment systems have always been part and parcel of the human race evolution. The gradual development in payment methods started with barter transactions, then cash, followed by cheques, and later metamorphosed to electronic payment systems. In recent years innovations in financial intermediation have gained accelerated traction in developing countries abetted by the speedy diffusion of communication technology and other ancillary telecommunication infrastructure. Consequently, traditional payment systems in many Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries have since gravitated towards the adoption of mobile phones for making payments and receiving funds. Traditionally the payment systems have primarily been expedited by banks and financial institutions. Nevertheless, in recent years mobile banking has expanded from being the sole preserve of financial

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