Consumo de lácteos durante la infancia y la adolescencia, ¿protege del riesgo cardiometabólico?

Abstract

Introduction: The high prevalence of obesity in children and adolescents is considered as a major global health concern and involves the onset of other comorbidities such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, chronic infl ammation and hyperinsulinemia, which are also considered as cardiovascular diseases risk factors. Several studies have observed that consumption of dairy products has a protective role on the development of cardiovascular diseases; however, the scientifi c evidence on this topic is very limited among children and adolescents. Objectives: To investigate the association between dairy products consumption and cardiovascular risk factors in young populations. Material and methods: The most up-to-date literature was reviewed, including some data from the HELENA (Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence) study. A sample of adolescents (12.5-17.5 years) from 8 European cities was considered for the analysis. Results: US data showed a decrease in both number of servings and portion sizes of milk consumption. Within the HELENA study, dairy products emerged as the food group that better distinguished those adolescents at lower cardiovascular diseases risk. Among the HELENA adolescents, higher consumption of milk, yogurt and milk-and yogurt-based beverages was associated with lower body fat, lower risk for cardiovascular diseases, and higher cardiorespiratory fi tness. Conclusions: More studies are needed to provide more evidence and to better understand the intrinsic mechanisms of the association between dairy products consumption, especially yogurt consumption, and obesity, diabetes, and other cardiovascular diseases risk factors.

Association between dairy products consumption and the prevalences of combined prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus in Brazilian adolescents: a cross-sectional study

“…But it is important to highlight that ERICA is the largest study with a representative sample of Brazilian There are few studies analysing the association between dairy products and T2DM in adolescents. The HELENA study (with a sample of adolescents aged between 12•5 and 17•5 years, from eight European cities) found that dairy products are the food group that best identifies adolescents with lower cardiovascular risk (62) . In Brazil, the latest surveys of Brazilian family budgets point to a decrease in the consumption of dairy products and their replacement with sweetened beverages in the general (63) .…”

Mediterranean diet, diet quality, and bone mineral content in adolescents: the HELENA study

“…In our proposal, seven positive components (fruits, vegetables, pulses, cereals, fish and seafood, monounsaturated/saturated fats ratio, and dairy products) and two negative components (meat and alcohol) were included. Since ethanol consumption is not recommended for children and adolescents, alcohol intake was scored as a detrimental component; and intake of dairy products was also scored as a beneficial component because dairy products are recommended in growing age [22,23]. We used age-and sex-specific median intakes of the study participants as a cut-off value for each component.…”