Consumos de sustancias psicoactivas: del castigo al cuidado

Abstract

Si bien los consumos de sustancias psicoactivas son una práctica que se remonta a los albores de la humanidad, en el último siglo se han constituido en un problema que interpela a la comunidad científica, a las agencias estatales de control, a los profesionales que actúan en los más diversos ámbitos, a la comunidad toda. Siendo una cuestión compleja que se expresa en múltiples manifestaciones, se ha tendido a circunscribirla como enfermedad y/o como delito; sin embargo, no todas las formas de consumo representan un uso problemático, ni producen trastornos por el uso de sustancias. En este sentido, la convocatoria abierta “Consumos de sustancias psicoactivas: del castigo al cuidado” reunió investigaciones que aportan conocimientos y acciones contrarias al punitivismo, que desgraciadamente insiste en permanecer en la sociedad.

Factors associated with the stigmatization of psychoactive substance users among Latin American health professionals.

“…However, studies show that this behavior is still frequent and has significant consequences, including among professionals in Latin America (Ronzani & Touzé, 2020). In this region, although the use of alcohol and other drugs is also an important public health problem (Medina-Mora et al, 2021) and is a behavior encouraged mainly among men by sexist culture (Ronzani, 2018), this is one of the main barriers to treatment due to structural stigma, also common among Latin-American professionals (Ronzani & Touzé, 2020; Tostes et al, 2020). Some studies have been conducted on stigma toward PUDs among health professionals and have demonstrated moralization, negative behaviors, and social distancing by professionals (Gómez et al, 2021; Santos et al, 2015).…”

“…Among health professionals, negative attitudes about PUDs are significant barriers to treatment (Merrick et al, 2022). However, studies show that this behavior is still frequent and has significant consequences, including among professionals in Latin America (Ronzani & Touzé, 2020). In this region, although the use of alcohol and other drugs is also an important public health problem (Medina-Mora et al, 2021) and is a behavior encouraged mainly among men by sexist culture (Ronzani, 2018), this is one of the main barriers to treatment due to structural stigma, also common among Latin-American professionals (Ronzani & Touzé, 2020;Tostes et al, 2020).…”