Consumption of extra virgin olive oil improves body composition and blood pressure in women with excess body fat: a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial

Cândido, Flávia Galvão; Valente, Flávia Xavier; Silva, Laís Emilia da; Coelho, Olívia Gonçalves Leão; Pelúzio, Maria do Carmo Gouveia; Alfenas, Rita de Cássia Gonçalves

doi:10.1007/s00394-017-1517-9

Cited by 56 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Several studies confirmed the beneficial effects of polyphenols in olive oil on heart disease risk factors and oxidative damage [ 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 ]. In addition, EVOO has been widely studied for its favorable effects on plasma concentrations of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and total cholesterol [ 33 , 39 , 41 , 42 , 43 ], as well as on blood pressure [ 43 , 44 , 45 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Daily Use of Extra Virgin Olive Oil with High Oleocanthal Concentration Reduced Body Weight, Waist Circumference, Alanine Transaminase, Inflammatory Cytokines and Hepatic Steatosis in Subjects with the Metabolic Syndrome: A 2-Month Intervention Study

et al. 2020

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Extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) intake is associated with reduced cardiovascular risk, and its phenolic compound oleocanthal (OC) has anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The cardiometabolic effects of EVOO with a high OC concentration have not been fully elucidated. We administered EVOO with a high OC concentration daily to 23 subjects with the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and hepatic steatosis (15 men and 8 women, age: 60 ± 11 years) for 2 months. Anthropometric data, metabolic parameters, hepatic steatosis (by fatty liver index, FLI), abdominal fat distribution (by ultrasound), and pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines were assessed before and after the intervention. EVOO supplementation was associated with a reduction in body weight, waist circumference, body mass index (BMI), alanine transaminase and FLI, as well as interleukin (IL)-6, IL-17A, tumor necrosis factor-α and IL-1B, while IL-10 increased. Maximum subcutaneous fat thickness (SFT max) also increased, with a concomitant decrease in the ratio of visceral fat layer thickness/SFT max. Correlation analysis revealed positive associations between changes in body weight and BMI and those in SFT max, along with an inverse association between changes in IL-6 and those in SFT max. In conclusion, ingestion of EVOO with a high OC concentration had beneficial effects on metabolic parameters, inflammatory cytokines and abdominal fat distribution in MetS subjects with hepatic steatosis, a category of patients at high cardiometabolic risk.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Daily Use of Extra Virgin Olive Oil with High Oleocanthal Concentration Reduced Body Weight, Waist Circumference, Alanine Transaminase, Inflammatory Cytokines and Hepatic Steatosis in Subjects with the Metabolic Syndrome: A 2-Month Intervention Study

et al. 2020

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“…Although the CVD influence of the MedDiet is mediated by the combination of different foods and healthy lifestyle habits, some specific polyphenol-rich dietary components might be more effective than others in modulating BP and conferring vasoprotection, particularly on a background of IR. EVOO with high polyphenols is probably the most important food from this point of view, being able to improve body composition and reduce BP in obese hypertensive women [198]. The anti-hypertensive actions of EVOO, and EVOO-related functional compounds, appear to be related to an increased endothelial synthesis of nitric oxide (NO), a potent vasodilator [198,199], which is disrupted in carriers of Glu298Asp polymorphism in the endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) gene [200] as well as under IR conditions [201], together with a decreased endothelial synthesis of the vasoconstrictor endothelin (ET-1) [199].…”

Section: Meddiet Evoo and Evoo-derived Polyphenols On Hypertensionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…EVOO with high polyphenols is probably the most important food from this point of view, being able to improve body composition and reduce BP in obese hypertensive women [198]. The anti-hypertensive actions of EVOO, and EVOO-related functional compounds, appear to be related to an increased endothelial synthesis of nitric oxide (NO), a potent vasodilator [198,199], which is disrupted in carriers of Glu298Asp polymorphism in the endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) gene [200] as well as under IR conditions [201], together with a decreased endothelial synthesis of the vasoconstrictor endothelin (ET-1) [199]. The NO/ET-1 unbalance, which alters the vascular tone and drives hypertension, can be induced by increased plasma levels of FFAs and glucose, two well-known features of IR states [201].…”

Section: Meddiet Evoo and Evoo-derived Polyphenols On Hypertensionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mediterranean Diet Nutrients to Turn the Tide against Insulin Resistance and Related Diseases

et al. 2020

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Insulin resistance (IR), defined as an attenuated biological response to circulating insulin, is a fundamental defect in obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D), and is also linked to a wide spectrum of pathological conditions, such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), cognitive impairment, endothelial dysfunction, chronic kidney disease (CKD), polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and some endocrine tumors, including breast cancer. In obesity, the unbalanced production of pro- and anti-inflammatory adipocytokines can lead to the development of IR and its related metabolic complications, which are potentially reversible through weight-loss programs. The Mediterranean diet (MedDiet), characterized by high consumption of extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO), nuts, red wine, vegetables and other polyphenol-rich elements, has proved to be associated with greater improvement of IR in obese individuals, when compared to other nutritional interventions. Also, recent studies in either experimental animal models or in humans, have shown encouraging results for insulin-sensitizing nutritional supplements derived from MedDiet food sources in the modulation of pathognomonic traits of certain IR-related conditions, including polyunsaturated fatty acids from olive oil and seeds, anthocyanins from purple vegetables and fruits, resveratrol from grapes, and the EVOO-derived, oleacein. Although the pharmacological properties and clinical uses of these functional nutrients are still under investigation, the molecular mechanism(s) underlying the metabolic benefits appear to be compound-specific and, in some cases, point to a role in gene expression through an involvement of the nuclear high-mobility group A1 (HMGA1) protein.

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“…So far, no mechanisms that connect the SUA level with the fatty acid profile of the diet have been found. However, some studies have shown that dietary intervention associated with a modification of the intake of fatty acids affects the SUA concentration (Galvão Cândido et al, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between serum uric acid concentration and cardiovascular risk factors in normotensivepostmenopausal women with dyslipidemia [pdf]

Dobrzyńska¹,

Przysławski²

2020

Acta Sci Pol Technol Aliment

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Background. According to the latest recommendation for patients with hyperuricemia and high cardiovascular risk, the serum uric acid (SUA) concentration should be lower than 5 mg/dL (<298 μmol/L). Additionally, studies have shown that SUA concentration in participants with hyperuricemia correlates with some dietary factors. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between SUA concentration and some cardiovascular risk factors. Material and methods. Fifty-six postmenopausal women with dyslipidemia and without hypertension were assigned to 2 groups based on SUA concentration. The first group consisted of women with a SUA concentration ≥5 mg/dL and without gout, and the second group comprised women with a SUA concentration <5 mg/dL. Anthropometric parameters, nutrition, structure of consumption, dietary potential renal acid load (PRAL), lipid profile parameters and blood pressure were evaluated. Results. Postmenopausal women with a SUA ≥5 mg/dL had statistically significant higher values of serum triglyceride (TG) concentration, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and diastolic blood pressure than women with a SUA concentration <5 mg/dL. Analysis of nutrition showed statistically significant differences between the groups in the intake of starch, saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids, cholesterol and vitamin E. Additionally, we observed a correlation between PRAL value and SUA. The structure of consumption between the groups was varied. Conclusion. SUA concentration ≥5 mg/dL may increase the cardiovascular risk. The association observed between PRAL and SUA can be used to evaluate diet.

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Consumption of extra virgin olive oil improves body composition and blood pressure in women with excess body fat: a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial

Abstract: EVOO consumption reduced body fat and improved blood pressure. Our results indicate that EVOO should be included into energy-restricted programs for obesity treatment.

Cited by 56 publications

References 62 publications

Daily Use of Extra Virgin Olive Oil with High Oleocanthal Concentration Reduced Body Weight, Waist Circumference, Alanine Transaminase, Inflammatory Cytokines and Hepatic Steatosis in Subjects with the Metabolic Syndrome: A 2-Month Intervention Study

Daily Use of Extra Virgin Olive Oil with High Oleocanthal Concentration Reduced Body Weight, Waist Circumference, Alanine Transaminase, Inflammatory Cytokines and Hepatic Steatosis in Subjects with the Metabolic Syndrome: A 2-Month Intervention Study

Mediterranean Diet Nutrients to Turn the Tide against Insulin Resistance and Related Diseases

The relationship between serum uric acid concentration and cardiovascular risk factors in normotensivepostmenopausal women with dyslipidemia [pdf]

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