Consumption of iodized salt may not represent a reliable indicator of iodine adequacy: Evidence from a cross-sectional study on schoolchildren living in an urban area of central Italy

Coccaro, Carmela; Tuccilli, Chiara; Prinzi, Natalie; D’Armiento, Eleonora; Pepe, Mario; Maestro, Francesca Del; Cacciola, Giovanni; Forlini, Benedetto; Verdolotti, Sergio; Bononi, Marco; Nacca, Remo Giuseppe; Baldini, Enke; Cirillo, Giovanni; Ulisse, Salvatore

doi:10.1016/j.nut.2015.12.033

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…On the other hand, optimal median UIC values were found in school children regularly taking either iodized salt (132.1 μg/L) or milk (131 μg/L) or both (147.9 μg/L). Such evidence strengthens the importance of eating iodized salt and iodine-rich food to achieve the right amount of iodine in the body for thyroid function [24].…”

Section: Iodine Status In the Lazio Region After The Introduction supporting

confidence: 58%

“…The first is devising strategies to increment the amount of iodized salt sold by retailers. In fact, due to the lack of penalties related to non-compliance with the law n.55/2005, vendors are not discouraged from exhibiting non-iodized salt on store shelves, and they sell both iodized salt and or even just non-iodized salt [24]. This, at least in part, may explain the low percentage of iodized salt sold (42%) in the city of Cassino, and why 45% of the school children and 50% of women of child-bearing age do not use iodized salt.…”

Section: Encountered Problems Hampering the Actuation Of The Natiomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Following the introduction of the iodine prophylaxis program, three independent studies were performed in order to assess iodine status in both school-age children and pregnant women [23,24,25].…”

Section: Iodine Status In the Lazio Region After The Introduction mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After that, a new survey was performed in 2015 in the city of Cassino, located in the south of Lazio, whose residents were previously found to have a moderate iodine deficiency, as shown in Figure 1B [24]. In this study, UIC and thyroid volume measured by ultrasonography were evaluated in 234 school-age children (13–14 years old).…”

Section: Iodine Status In the Lazio Region After The Introduction mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Iodine Status in Schoolchildren and Pregnant Women of Lazio, a Central Region of Italy

et al. 2019

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The inhabitants of Lazio, similarly to those of other Italian regions, have been historically exposed to the detrimental effects of an inadequate intake of iodine. The latter is a micronutrient essential for the biosynthesis of thyroid hormones (TH). Iodine deficiency is responsible for a number of adverse effects on human health known as iodine deficiency disorders (IDD), the most common of which worldwide are goiter and hypothyroidism. In order to reduce IDD, a national salt iodination program was started in Italy in 2005. In this article we reviewed the available data regarding iodine intake in the Lazio population before and after the introduction of the national salt iodination program, in order to evaluate its efficacy and the eventual problem(s) limiting its success. On the whole, the information acquired indicates that, following the introduction of the program, the dietary iodine intake in the Lazio population is improved. There is, however, still much work ahead to ameliorate the iodine prophylaxis in this region. In fact, although a generally adequate iodine intake in school-age children has been observed, there are still areas where a mild iodine insufficiency is present. Moreover, two independent epidemiological surveys on pregnant women evidenced a low urinary iodine concentration with respect to the reference range conceived by the World Health Organization. These findings demonstrate the need for greater attention to the iodine prophylaxis by health care providers (i.e., obstetricians, gynecologists, pediatricians, etc.), and the implementation of effective advertising campaigns aimed at increasing the knowledge and awareness of the favorable effects of iodine supplementation on population health.

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Section: Iodine Status In the Lazio Region After The Introduction supporting

confidence: 58%

Section: Encountered Problems Hampering the Actuation Of The Natiomentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Iodine Status In the Lazio Region After The Introduction mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Iodine Status In the Lazio Region After The Introduction mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Iodine Status in Schoolchildren and Pregnant Women of Lazio, a Central Region of Italy

et al. 2019

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“…Most data on iodine intake in Italy are collected in schoolchildren and women of reproductive age, which are the two groups most sensitive to the lack of iodine. Although these data have documented improvements in the last 5-10 years, the target of iodine sufficiency has not been completely achieved [9][10][11][12][13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urinary Iodine Concentration in a Cohort of Adult Outpatients with Thyroid Diseases in Liguria 14 Years after the Law on Salt Iodization

et al. 2019

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Italy is considered a mildly iodine-deficient country. The aim of this study was to evaluate the iodine status of a cohort of adults living in Liguria after the 2005 salt iodization program. We searched all medical records of patients examined in two endocrine outpatient clinics in Genoa and Savona for data on urinary iodine. Subjects were under evaluation for thyroid diseases. Information on the type of salt used was found in few clinical records. Iodized salt use was reported in 29%, 20%, and 13% of records of people living in Genoa districts, the Savona district and nearby districts, respectively. The average urinary iodine concentration was 112.9 ± 62.3 µg/L (n = 415, median 101.0 µg/L). Non-significant differences (P > 0.05) were found between subjects with (median 103.5 µg/L) and without (median 97.5 µg/L) a thyroid gland, between the periods 2009–2013 (median 105.0 µg/L) and 2014–2018 (median 97.5 µg/L), and between Genoa (median 94.0 µg/L), Savona (median 105.0 µg/L) and the other districts (median 114.5 µg/L). No correlation with age, body mass index, creatinine, free thyroxine, thyroglobulin, levo-thyroxine dosage, or thyroid volume was observed. These data suggest a borderline status of iodine sufficiency in this cohort.

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Attività di monitoraggio del programma nazionale per la prevenzione dei disordini da carenza iodica: la situazione italiana a 14 anni dall’approvazione della Legge 55/2005

Olivieri

Gozzo²,

Angelis

et al. 2019

L'Endocrinologo

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Consumption of iodized salt may not represent a reliable indicator of iodine adequacy: Evidence from a cross-sectional study on schoolchildren living in an urban area of central Italy

Cited by 11 publications

References 17 publications

Iodine Status in Schoolchildren and Pregnant Women of Lazio, a Central Region of Italy

Iodine Status in Schoolchildren and Pregnant Women of Lazio, a Central Region of Italy

Urinary Iodine Concentration in a Cohort of Adult Outpatients with Thyroid Diseases in Liguria 14 Years after the Law on Salt Iodization

Attività di monitoraggio del programma nazionale per la prevenzione dei disordini da carenza iodica: la situazione italiana a 14 anni dall’approvazione della Legge 55/2005

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