Consumption of the total Western diet differentially affects the response to green tea in rodent models of chronic disease compared to the AIN93G diet

Ward, Robert E.; Benninghoff, Abby D.; Healy, Brett J.; Li, Minghao; Vagu, Bharath; Hintze, Korry

doi:10.1002/mnfr.201600720

Cited by 18 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…Compared to the control group, the GTE group showed significant decreases in the cecal concentrations of acetate and butyrate, although their cecal pools returned to the control level. The same results were seen in previous studies in rats fed a diet supplemented with 6 g/kg EGCG (Unno et al., ) and in mice given a drinking water supplemented with 2 g/l GTE (Ward et al., ). It is known that acetate is produced by a variety of gut bacteria, but butyrate and propionate are produced by a distinct subset of bacteria.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…A previous study by our group demonstrated that the dietary addition of EGCG (6 g/kg), the most predominant polyphenol in green tea, lowered cecal levels of acetate and butyrate in rats (Unno, Sakuma, & Mitsuhashi, ). Recent investigation also revealed that the addition of green tea extract (GTE) (2 g/L) to drinking water increased wet mass of cecal digesta and decreased cecal SCFA concentrations in mice (Ward et al., ). Interestingly, regarding black tea extract (BTE), an in vitro model reflective of the distal region of the human large intestine recorded a different result suggesting that a continuous dose BTE may be capable of significantly increasing the levels of acetate during the fermentation (van Dorsten et al., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Green tea extract and black tea extract differentially influence cecal levels of short‐chain fatty acids in rats

Unno

Osakabe

2018

Food Science & Nutrition

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Increasing evidence indicates that gut microbiota plays a critical role to maintain the host's health. The biological function of microbially produced short‐chain fatty acids (SCFA) becomes the focus of attention. This study aimed to compare the effects of green tea extract (GTE) and black tea extract (BTE) on cecal levels of SCFA in rats. Rats consumed an assigned diet of either a control diet, a GTE diet (10 g/kg), or a BTE diet (10 g/kg), for 3 weeks. The dietary addition of GTE significantly reduced the concentrations of acetate and butyrate in cecal digesta compared to the control, but BTE showed an increased trend for a cecal pool. In the GTE group, a significant amount of undigested starch was excreted in feces, but BTE produced no effect. Interestingly, feces of rats fed the BTE diet contained higher bacterial 16S rRNA gene copy numbers for total eubacteria compared to the control diet. Taken together, treatments of the diets with GTE and BTE brought about a different degree of producing SCFA in rat cecum. BTE might advantageously stimulate more SCFA production than GTE by facilitating bacterial utilization of starch.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green tea extract and black tea extract differentially influence cecal levels of short‐chain fatty acids in rats

Unno

Osakabe

2018

Food Science & Nutrition

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“…This study is the second from our group to show that the TWD functions to promote colon cancer in mice. Previously, we showed that A/J mice initiated with AOM and fed TWD for 16 weeks developed significantly more aberrant crypt foci and total crypt cells than mice fed the AIN93G diet [24]. Now, we report that consumption of TWD significantly enhanced tumorigenesis in C57BL/6J mice using both the AOM + DSS and Apc Min/+ + DSS models of CAC, whereas small intestinal tumorigenesis was not affected.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…Results of the comparative transcriptomics analyses across DSS and IL-10 deficient mouse models, however, suggest that our TWD-enhanced DSS colitis model shares some similar transcriptional responses as observed in Il10 -/mice. Furthermore, we have investigated the effects of TWD in two mouse strains to date (C57BL/6J in this study and A/J males in [24]). However, given the influence of genetic background on susceptibility to inflammation and the progression of disease [69,70], a more extensive evaluation of strain-dependent responses to the TWD in context of gut inflammation would be valuable for future work.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This newly devised diet that better represents typical U.S. nutrition is highly useful for studies employing animal models of human cancer. For example, results of a preliminary experiment in A/J mice initiated with AOM indicated that the TWD markedly enhanced development of preneoplastic ACF compared to the reference diet AIN93G [24]. Yet, the impact of a Western type diet on colon inflammation and subsequent colon tumorigenesis is not known.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Consumption of the Total Western Diet Promotes Colitis and Inflammation-Associated Colorectal Cancer in Mice

et al. 2020

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Consumption of a Western type diet is a known risk factor for colorectal cancer. Our group previously developed the total Western diet (TWD) for rodents with energy and nutrient profiles that emulate a typical Western diet. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that consumption of the TWD would enhance colitis, delay recovery from gut injury and promote colon tumorigenesis.In multiple experiments using the azoxymethane + dextran sodium sulfate or Apc Min/+ mouse models of colitis-associated colorectal carcinogenesis (CAC), we determined that mice fed TWD experienced more severe and more prolonged colitis compared to their counterparts fed the standard AIN93G diet, ultimately leading to markedly enhanced colon tumorigenesis. Additionally, this increased tumor response was attributed to the micronutrient fraction of the TWD, and restoration of calcium and vitamin D to standard amounts ameliorated the tumor-promoting effects of TWD. Finally, exposure to the TWD elicited large scale, dynamic changes in mRNA signatures of colon mucosa associated with interferon (IFN) response, inflammation, innate immunity, adaptive immunity, and antigen processing pathways, among others. Taken together, these observations indicate that consumption of the TWD markedly enhanced colitis, delayed recovery from gut injury, and enhanced colon tumorigenesis likely via extensive changes in expression of immune-related genes in the colon mucosa.Nutrients 2020, 12, 544 2 of 35 characterizes these conditions is now recognized as an important factor in CRC due to its involvement in the disruption of the same oncogenic pathways that are disrupted in CRC [5]. The mutation of genes involved in the maintenance of the intestinal mucosal barrier that protects the intestinal wall from bacterial invasion contributes to both Crohn's and UC [6,7].Dysfunction of the intestinal mucosal barrier leads to sustained damage of gut epithelial cells. This chronic injury to the gut triggers a compensatory immune response characterized by the up-regulation of cell proliferation and anti-apoptotic pathways that promote cell survival [8]. Various molecules are involved in the activation of such pathways, including transcription factors (e.g., NF-κB, and STAT3) and various inflammatory cytokines (e.g., IL-6 and TNF-α), which are normally secreted during an inflammatory response. The resulting compensatory cell regeneration results in increased rates of mitosis that, when chronically active, increase DNA mutation rates [8,9]. Not only can this process promote the disruption of oncogenic pathways, but it can also provide cancerous cells with a nurturing environment due to the increased availability of proliferative and survival signals. This notion is supported by an animal study by Tanaka et al. [10], in which a combined treatment of the chemical carcinogen azoxymethane (AOM) with the inflammatory agent dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) significantly increased intestinal tumorigenesis in CD-1 mice. The AOM + DSS model yields a consistent, reproducible colon cancer outcome ...

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Tea, Coffee and Health Benefits

Hayakawa

Oishi

Tanabe

et al. 2017

Reference Series in Phytochemistry

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Consumption of the total Western diet differentially affects the response to green tea in rodent models of chronic disease compared to the AIN93G diet

Abstract: Collectively, these observations indicate that the TWD influences the bioactivity of GTE in rodent models of obesity, metabolism, and carcinogenesis.

Cited by 18 publications

References 50 publications

Green tea extract and black tea extract differentially influence cecal levels of short‐chain fatty acids in rats

Green tea extract and black tea extract differentially influence cecal levels of short‐chain fatty acids in rats

Consumption of the Total Western Diet Promotes Colitis and Inflammation-Associated Colorectal Cancer in Mice

Tea, Coffee and Health Benefits

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