Consumption patterns of energy drinks in university students: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Protano, Carmela; Valeriani, Federica; Giorgi, Andrea De; Marotta, Daniela; Ubaldi, Francesca; Napoli, Christian; Liguori, Giorgio; Spica, Vincenzo Romano; Vitali, Matteo; Gallé, Francesca

doi:10.1016/j.nut.2022.111904

Cited by 13 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…aged less than 18 years) in our study (12–19%) was within the same range as in a prior meta‐analysis (3–32%) [36]. It is worth noting that it is difficult to compare pooled prevalence in this study with prevalence finding in other meta‐analyses, given that there are studies providing only a range of prevalence [36], merging past‐year and past‐week prevalence [37], or the age group is not exactly the same as ours [35]. Despite this, these outcomes highlight the need to periodically monitor the consumption of ED through large‐scale national studies, as well as provide ED prevalence at several time‐periods.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

“…In comparison to the study by Zucconi et al [35], which focused upon European countries exclusively, our study found a lower pooled past 12-month prevalence in adolescents (44.5 study (12-19%) was within the same range as in a prior meta-analysis (3-32%) [36]. It is worth noting that it is difficult to compare pooled prevalence in this study with prevalence finding in other meta-analyses, given that there are studies providing only a range of prevalence [36], merging past-year and past-week prevalence [37],…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 38%

“…Khouja et al [36] conducted a systematic review of ED use based on national surveys in the United Kingdom focused upon children and adolescents (aged less than 18 years), and they found that the past-year prevalence ranged from 13 to 67%, and weekly consumption ranged between 3 and 32%. The study by Protano et al [37] was focused upon university students (i.e. aged 18-24 years), and concluded that 42.9% were regular ED users.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, Verster et al [34] and De Giorgi et al [38] carried out a systematic review focusing upon the prevalence of ED mixed with alcohol, thus not exclusively providing ED use prevalence. One of the main limitations of previous research is that they calculated the pooled prevalence of ED use by merging past-year and past-month prevalence [37].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The study by Protano et al . [37] was focused upon university students (i.e. aged 18–24 years), and concluded that 42.9% were regular ED users.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of energy drink consumption world‐wide: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Aonso‐Diego,

Krotter,

García‐Pérez

2023

Addiction

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Background and aimsThe increasing market for energy drinks (EDs) in recent years, as well as the health risks caused by their consumption, prompt calls to estimate the prevalence of ED use among different countries. This systematic review and meta‐analysis aimed to synthesize the prevalence of ED use in different continents and age groups.MethodWe searched two databases (i.e. PubMed and PsycInfo) on 31 March 2023 to identify studies reporting the prevalence of ED use. A total of 192 studies (196 distinct samples; n = 1 120 613; 53.37% males) from the United States, Europe, Asia, Oceania and Africa were included in the analysis. A random‐effects model was applied to estimate the overall pooled prevalence at several time‐periods. Subgroup analyses were performed to provide prevalence based on continent and age group. The quality of articles was assessed using Joana Brigg's Institute (JBI) critical appraisal checklist. Measurements included prevalence of ED use (i.e. life‐time, past 12 months, past 30 days, past 7 days and daily use), continent and age group (i.e. children, adolescents, young adults and adults).ResultsThe life‐time ED use world‐wide‐pooled prevalence was estimated to be 54.7% [95% confidence interval (CI) = 48.8–60.6; I2 = 99.80], 43.4% (95% CI = 36.1–50.6; I2 = 99.92) in the past 12 months, 32.3% (95% CI = 28.8–35.8; I2 = 99.82) in the past 30 days, 21.6% (95% CI = 18.7–24.5; I2 = 99.95) in the past 7 days and 8.82% (95% CI = 6.3–11.4; I2 = 99.95) daily ED use. Subgroups analyses showed significant differences in ED life‐time use within age groups (P = 0.002) and continents (P = 0.035).ConclusionsThe world‐wide prevalence of energy drink use appears to be high, particularly among adolescents and young adults.

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