Contact allergens for armpits—Allergenic fragrances specified on deodorants

Klaschka, Ursula

doi:10.1016/j.ijheh.2011.12.009

Cited by 20 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…This compulsory labeling is meant to help end‐users to identify cosmetic products that contain any of these 26 presumptive allergens above a certain concentration. These 26 fragrances are used widely in cosmetic products: 3 market studies conducted in Germany showed that up to 83% of the deodorants contain at least 1 of the 26 allergens, and up to 30% of all products contain strong allergens above the threshold for labeling (0.001% in the product) (Klaschka ). Many consumers are not aware that the risk reduction measure of some fragrance allergens is no more than the naming of the substances on the label (Noiesen et al ).…”

Section: Critical Review Of Legal Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to the 26 allergens rule, products need not be safer than before the compulsory labeling, unless consumers exert their power and would no longer buy products where these fragrances are labeled, which is apparently not the case in the German market of deodorants (Klaschka ). The allergens listed on the containers do not seem to be of great help, even for allergic patients (Noiesen et al ; Lysdal and Johansen ).…”

Section: Critical Review Of Legal Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is important to note here that it is not always easy to discriminate whether dermatitis is the symptom of an irritation or an allergy (de Groot and Frosch ; Bruze et al ). Consumers of cosmetic products of all sizes should also obtain clear explanations for a safe use, i.e., the precautionary statements (Klaschka ).…”

Section: Critical Review Of Legal Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The hazard communication of fragrance allergens must be improved

Klaschka

2013

Integr Envir Assess & Manag

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Contact allergy is a global health problem that could be alleviated considerably if the general public could reduce contact to sensitizers. Efficient hazard communication would be a valuable instrument to achieve this. What do current regulations concerning fragrance sensitizers in cosmetic products in Europe contribute? For example, there are bans and restrictions according to the Cosmetic Regulation, there is the "26 allergens rule" that requires that the names of some allergenic fragrance ingredients are listed on the containers, there is labeling and classification of hazardous products according to Regulation 1272/2008, and there is the regulation concerning the registration, evaluation, authorization and restriction of chemicals (REACH). Do these regulations increase consumer protection by suitable hazard communication instruments? Four main problems were identified. First, according to the 26 allergens rule, consumers carry a very large part of the responsibility for risk reduction management. They need to be capable and motivated to recognize the names of strong allergens listed in the ingredient list and decide for themselves whether they want to run the risk or not, provided that they are aware of their responsibility. Second, cosmetic products do not need to be classified and labeled like other consumer goods, according to the European Commission Regulation 1272/2008, if they contain hazardous substances. Third, some pictograms for hazardous substances, for example, the exclamation mark for sensitizers, are not well understood by the majority of the general public. Fourth, very often, the design of cosmetic containers implies health and well being, even if the respective products contain sensitizers or other hazardous substances. Against this background, the following improvements are proposed: 1) the 26 allergens rule needs revision, 2) the exception for cosmetic products from labeling and classification should be abolished, 3) a new self-explanatory pictogram for skin sensitizers and skin irritants should become mandatory for consumer products containing allergens, and 4) packaging of products containing hazardous substances should not be allowed to be attractive and evoke feelings that the products were harmless. Labeling of consumer products can be a very efficient tool for risk communication, however, the addressees must be sufficiently trained to understand the system and know the consequences of their behavior. Transparent labeling will increase the credibility of manufacturers and can lead to a subsequent improved risk management with a benefit for all stakeholders. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2013;9:358-362. © 2013 SETAC

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Section: Critical Review Of Legal Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Critical Review Of Legal Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The hazard communication of fragrance allergens must be improved

Klaschka

2013

Integr Envir Assess & Manag

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“…They usually contain antimicrobials such as triclosan, which decrease the number of bacteria and hence the unpleasant smell of the microbial secretion compounds. 23 The German market of deodorants rose to € 705 million in 2010 and it was the PCPs with the biggest increase compared to the two previous years. It is estimated that 65.2% of adult men and 73.3% of adult women use deodorants at least once a day.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is estimated that 65.2% of adult men and 73.3% of adult women use deodorants at least once a day. 23,24 Currently, Brazil is the third worldwide market on cosmetics, perfumes and hygienic products and it occupies the first position in the world ranking of deodorants and fragrances. 25 In this context, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the essential oil from O. vulgare L. against the main bacteria responsible for bad perspiration odor and to develop a deodorant formulation containing said essential oil as an antimicrobial agent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Essential Oil from Origanum vulgare Linnaeus: An Alternative Against Microorganisms Responsible for Bad Perspiration Odor

Y¹,

P²,

M³

et al. 2014

JYP

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Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the essential oil from Origanum vulgare Linnaeus against the main bacteria responsible for bad perspiration odor (Corynebacterium xerosis IAL 105, Micrococcus luteus ATCC 7468, Proteus vulgaris ATCC 13315 and Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228) and to develop the formulation of a deodorant containing the essential oil as antimicrobial agent. Method: The antimicrobial activity was evaluated by means of the turbidimetric method, by using the microdilution assay. The chemical profile of the essential oil was evaluated by high-resolution gas chromatography (HR-GC). Results: seventeen constituents were identified, being that γ-terpinene (30.5%) and carvacrol (15.7%) were the major components found. The essential oil exhibited antimicrobial activity against all microorganisms tested and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranged from 0.7 to 2.8 mg/mL. Electron microscopies confirmed the morphological alteration in the structure of the bacteria treated with the essential oil as compared to control. The formulation of the deodorant demonstrated bactericidal activity and it was able to cause damage in the morphological structure of the treated bacteria. Conclusion: The essential oil from O. vulgare can be used as a potential natural antimicrobial agent to be applied in personal care products.

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Clinical Features of Contact Dermatitis

Veien¹

2020

Contact Dermatitis

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Contact allergens for armpits—Allergenic fragrances specified on deodorants

Cited by 20 publications

References 42 publications

The hazard communication of fragrance allergens must be improved

The hazard communication of fragrance allergens must be improved

Essential Oil from Origanum vulgare Linnaeus: An Alternative Against Microorganisms Responsible for Bad Perspiration Odor

Clinical Features of Contact Dermatitis

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