Contact allergy from disperse dyes in textiles–a review

Abstract

SummarySeveral disperse dyes (DDs) are still considered to be the most important allergens in textile dermatitis, but there are sparse data about their current use in textiles. The aim of this review was to evaluate published studies and reports on contact allergy to DDs published in PubMed during the last 22 years . Prevalence data are provided by study and by dye, as well as by the described clinical peculiarities of DD dermatitis. We reviewed 54 studies. In total, 26 DDs were tested. The average prevalence in screening studies was >1% for Disperse Blue 106, Disperse Blue 124, and Disperse Orange 3. There is a lack of data on patch testing with Disperse Blue 26, Disperse Blue 102, Disperse Orange 37, Disperse Orange 149, Disperse Yellow 23 and Disperse Yellow 49, which are listed as allergens by the EU Commission. It is necessary to check the purity and identity of dyes used for patch testing, confirm the clinical relevance of positive reactions by patch testing with suspected textiles, and, if the results are positive, determine the culprit dye.

Contact sensitization in patients with suspected textile allergy. Data of the Information Network of Departments of Dermatology (IVDK) 2007–2014

“…Tight skin contact to garments is supposed to increase the risk of the development Table 3. of contact allergy to textiles (17,18). Furthermore, moisture has been reported to facilitate the release from textiles (19).…”

Sensitization and Clinically Relevant Allergy to Hair Dyes and Clothes from Black Henna Tattoos: Do People Know the Risk? An Uncommon Serious Case and a Review of the Literature

“…In the same way, several cases of contact allergy from hair colourants [39] and textile dyes [40,41] are described in medical literature.…”

The Role of Textiles in Dermatitis: An Update

“…Malinauskiene et al reviewed 54 studies and found that in screening patch tests for disperse dyes, the prevalence of positive patch tests was highest for BDisperse Blue 106 (1.9 %), Disperse Blue 124 (1.7 %) and Disperse Orange 3 (1.2 %).Ĥ owever, another study in which 2,907 patients underwent patch testing reported that the three most common disperse dyes to elicit a positive patch test reaction were Disperse Orange 3, Disperse Orange 1, and Disperse Blue 106 respectively [27].…”