Contact Investigation and Preventive Therapy as Tuberculosis prevention in Children with Tuberculosis Household Contact: A Systematic Review

Abstract

Introduction: The increasing tuberculosis cases in children showed management of Tuberculosis itself. There was a finding of TB case in children according to WHO TB report 2019 that not all childrens being well diagnosed, treated or reported each year. This systematic review aims to describes implementation of TB prevention often missed in children with adult TB household contacts.Method: This study uses based on PICO, which contains Participants are family who living household with adult TB, Interventions are CI followed by PT, no comparison, Outcomes are improving the implementation of CI and PT. Searching for article is using the Scopus, PubMed, and Science Direct and found 15 articles in final which limited to the last 3 years (2017-2020). Keywords used in searching are” Tuberculosis”, “Transmission”, and “Preventive Therapy”. The population included were respondents identified as family having child aged ≤ 15 years with TB Household Contacts. The study design varied in rigorousness form of quantitative and mixed studies.Result: Household Contact (HHC) contribute to TB cases in children.Conclusion: Contact Investigation (CI) and Preventive Therapy (PT) could be succesfull strategies to prevent TB transmission to children provided not only by Health Care Workers (HCWs) but also public concerned to community-based approach in order to encouraged family members of TB affected

Diagnostic challenges of an atypical presentation of ear and mastoiditis tuberculosis in a-5-year-old child in a developing country: A case report and review of literature

“…Contact investigation is very important in end TB strategy with the purpose of identifying and treating the source of TB transmission and preventive treatment should be given when needed [13] . However, it was still not routinely implemented due to various reasons, such as low awareness, illiteracy, and fear of stigma from society, and limited knowledge of tuberculosis on both caregivers and the patient [14] . Education regarding the importance of contact investigation for the society and local caregivers, especially in highly endemic countries need to be done to increase active case findings and treat the disease as early as possible through contact investigation.…”

Correlation Between Demographic Factors and Tuberculosis Prevention: A Literature Review

“…Preventive therapy (PT) and contact investigations (CI) may be effective methods for preventing the spread of TB to children. These methods are offered via community-based approaches that encourage TB-affected families as well as health care workers (HCWs) 12 .…”

Pengetahuan dan Sikap Orang Tua Terkait Tuberkulosis Anak di RSUD Bhakti Dharma Husada Kota Surabaya

“…Padahal, anak dibawah usia 15 tahun berpotensi lebih tinggi tertular tuberkulosis berkaitan dengan sistem imunitasnya yang masih lemah (Attah et al, 2018). Selain itu, TB pada anak biasanya diawali oleh transmisi dari anggota keluarga yang terinfeksi (Rahmawati et al, 2020).…”