Contact with adult hen affects development of caecal microbiota in newly hatched chicks

Kubasová, Tereza; Kollarcikova, Miloslava; Crhánová, Magdaléna; Karasova, Daniela; Čejková, Darina; Šebková, Alena; Matiasovicova, Jitka; Faldynová, Marcela; Pokorná, Alexandra; Čížek, Alois; Rychlı́k, Ivan

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0212446

Cited by 105 publications

(152 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…All the remaining Gram-positive isolates did not colonise the chicken caecum during the first week of life. The ability of Gram-negative bacteria to colonise corroborates earlier findings that characterised the bacterial species colonising the chicken caecum after administration of caecal extracts [5,6,24] or after contact with an adult hen [25]. The isolates that successfully colonised the caeca of chicks did not require any other microbiota members to co-colonise.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Gut Anaerobes Capable of Chicken Caecum Colonisation

et al. 2019

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Chicks in commercial production are highly sensitive to enteric infections and their resistance can be increased by administration of complex adult microbiota. However, it is not known which adult microbiota members are capable of colonising the caecum of newly hatched chicks. In this study, we therefore orally inoculated chicks with pure cultures of 76 different bacterial isolates originating from chicken caecum on day 1 of life and determined their ability to colonise seven days later. The caecum of newly hatched chickens could be colonised by bacteria belonging to phyla Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Synergistetes, or Verrucomicrobia, and isolates from class Negativicutes (phylum Firmicutes). On the other hand, we did not record colonisation with isolates from phyla Actinobacteria and Firmicutes (except for Negativicutes), including isolates from families Lachnospiraceae, Ruminococcaceae, Erysipelotrichaceae, and Lactobacillaceae. Representatives of genera commonly used in probiotics such as Lactobacillus, Enterococcus, or Bacillus therefore did not colonise the chicken intestinal tract after a single dose administration. Following challenge with Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis, the best protecting isolates increased the chicken's resistance to S. Enteritidis only tenfold, which, however, means that none of the tested individual bacterial isolates on their own efficiently protected chicks against S. Enteritidis.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Gut Anaerobes Capable of Chicken Caecum Colonisation

et al. 2019

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“…Similar results were found in layers, in which the addition of SYNBIO in the feed increased the relative abundance of LAB in ceca showing that the supplemented strains survived and colonized the GIT [19]. Nevertheless, probiotics can also affect the development of the microbiota without effectively colonizing it by merely passing through the intestinal tract [15]. In this context, although the Bacillales did not become a resident of the cecal microbiome, it is possible that the supplementation of SINGLE2 possibly created a favorable environment for the Bifidobacteriales grow.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

“…The results found in this study demonstrated that there was a treatment-specific effect on microbiota profiles, particularly evident in birds fed SINGLE2 and SYNBIO probiotics. It has been thought that many factors, such as the early intestinal colonization, physiologic stage of chickens, diet, or environment, can drive the composition and diversity of intestinal microbial communities [2–4,15,26,27]. The findings achieved here have shown that particular probiotic mixtures may also have benefits in modulating the microbiota of broilers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Comparative of probiotics reveals cecal microbial component associated with performance parameters in broilers

Murugesan¹

2019

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29 Probiotics have become increasingly popular in poultry industry as a promising nutritional 30 intervention to promote modulation of intestinal microbiota as a means of improving health and 31 performance. This study aimed to determine the effects of different probiotic formulations on the 32 cecal microbial communities and performance in 21 and 42 day-old-broilers, as well as to define 33 associations between ceca microbial profile and growth parameters. Probiotics investigated 34 included a synbiotic (SYNBIO), a yeast-based probiotic (YEAST), and three single-strain 35 formulations of spore-forming Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (SINGLE1), B. subtilis (SINGLE2) 36 and B. licheniformis (SINGLE3). Dietary inclusion of SYNBIO, YEAST, and SINGLE2 37 increased body weight (BW) by 7, 14, and 21d (p<0.05) compared to a basal diet without 38 probiotics (CON). The treatments SYNBIO, and YEAST decreased mortality by 21d, while 39 SYNBIO reduced the overall mortality rate by 42d (p<0.05). Bifidobacteriales had the highest 40 (p<0.05) population in SINGLE2, whereas Clostridiales was reduced compared to CON, 41 SINGLE1, and SINGLE3. The addition of SYNBIO into diet mainly stimulated (p<0.05) the 42 cecal relative abundance of Lactobacillales by 21d. Besides, Spearman's correlation analyses 43 revealed that population of Lactobacillales was associated with lower Enterobacteriales, higher 44 BW, and lower mortality of growing broilers. These results suggest that the modulation of ceca 45 microbiota and the greatest productive parameters were achieved by supplementation of specific 46 probiotic mixture. The selection of probiotics by their ability to drive cecal microbiota towards 47 lactic acid bacteria colonization may be a strategic approach to improve the indicators of 48 performance in broilers. 49 3 50 51 Introduction 52 Worldwide, the decreased percentage of chickens treated with sub-therapeutic levels of 53 antibiotics has attracted attention towards a better understanding of dietary alternatives as growth 54 and health promoters. Among them, probiotics have been indicated as a promising nutritional 55 intervention to manipulate the avian microbiome [1-4]. Beneficial bacteria colonization of 56 intestinal microbiota is essential for favoring host growth and performance, while an unfavorable 57 alteration of the commensal structure may promote enteric infections, thereby deteriorating 58 welfare and the performance indicators of poultry production [5]. 59 Probiotics have become increasingly popular across human medicine and livestock 60 industry due to the following benefits in the host: stimulation of beneficial microbiota, reduction, 61 and prevention of pathogen colonization, development of immune system, improvement in 62 digestive efficiency, and maturation of intestinal microbiota [3,5-9]. Although several bacterial 63 species and yeasts have been described as potential probiotic for broiler chickens; Bacillus, 64 Lactobacillus, Enterococcus, Bifidobacterium, Pediococcus, and Escherichia are the most 65 common bacte...

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“…The high abundance of Clostridia observed during our study correlates with several previous studies examining the chicken caecal microbiota (20, 82–87). This is likely the product of chicks being raised in an environment where they are not exposed to a maternal microbiota as feral hens and chicks exposed to an adult hen have microbiotas which are far less dominated by Firmicutes and contain higher abundances of Bacteroidetes (88, 89).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assembly of hundreds of novel bacterial genomes from the chicken caecum

Glendinning

Stewart

Pallen

et al. 2019

Preprint

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9Chickens are a highly important source of protein for a large proportion of the human population. The 10 caecal microbiota plays a crucial role in chicken nutrition through the production of short chain fatty acids, 11 nitrogen recycling and amino acid production. In this study we sequenced DNA from caecal contents 12 samples taken from 24 chickens belonging to either a fast or slower growing breed consuming either a 13 vegetable-only diet or a diet containing fish meal. We utilised 1.6T of Illumina data to construct 469 draft 14 metagenome-assembled bacterial genomes, including 460 novel strains, 283 novel species and 42 novel 15 genera. We compared our genomes to data from eight EU countries and show that these genomes are 16 abundant within European chicken flocks. We also compared the abundance of our genomes, and the 17 carbohydrate active enzymes they produce, between our chicken groups and demonstrate that there are 18 both breed-and diet-specific microbiomes, as well as an overlapping core microbiome. This data will form 19 the basis for future studies examining the composition and function of the chicken caecal microbiota. 20 21 Background: 22 157 Data availability 158 Paired-read fastq files have been submitted to the European Nucleotide Archive under project PRJEB33338. 159 MAG fasta files have been submitted to Edinburgh DataShare (https://doi.org/10.7488/ds/2584). 160

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Contact with adult hen affects development of caecal microbiota in newly hatched chicks

Cited by 105 publications

References 21 publications

Gut Anaerobes Capable of Chicken Caecum Colonisation

Gut Anaerobes Capable of Chicken Caecum Colonisation

Comparative of probiotics reveals cecal microbial component associated with performance parameters in broilers

Assembly of hundreds of novel bacterial genomes from the chicken caecum

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