Contaminação de equipamentos em unidade de terapia intensiva

Abstract

Objective: To assess the contamination of equipment in an intensive care unit before and after the cleaning/ disinfection routine. Methods: The researchers used 26 sterile swabs, moistened in 0.9% saline solution, rolled in their own axis, before and immediately after cleaning/disinfection, on surfaces of collectively handled equipment in an intensive care unit, for laboratory culture. Results: In pre-disinfection, all computer keyboards presented growth of coagulase-negative Staphylococcus; Staphylococcus hominis was found on the workbench of drug preparation and in the electrocardiogram machine; and Staphylococcus haemolyticus was found on the telephone and on the service schedule chart. The keyboards remained contaminated after being cleaned. The bench also presented Pseudomonas aeruginosa after the use of a multi-purpose cleaning product. Pieces of equipment disinfected with 70% alcohol did not present bacterial growth. Conclusion: The contamination of equipment in the studied intensive care unit was confirmed, as well as the efficacy of 70% alcohol in its disinfection. ResumoObjetivo: Analisar a contaminação de equipamentos em uma unidade de terapia intensiva antes e após a rotina de limpeza/desinfecção. Métodos: Foram utilizados 26 swabs estéreis umedecidos com soro fisiológico 0,9%, rolados em seu próprio eixo, antes e imediatamente depois da limpeza/desinfecção, sobre superfícies de equipamentos de manipulação coletiva em uma unidade de terapia intensiva, para realização de cultura laboratorial. Resultados: Na pré-desinfecção, todos os teclados de computadores apresentaram crescimento de Staphylococcus coagulase negativo; na bancada de preparo de medicação e no aparelho de eletrocardiograma foi encontrado Staphylococcus hominis; no telefone e na escala de serviço foi encontrado Staphylococcus haemolyticus. Os teclados continuaram contaminados após limpeza. Na bancada também foi encontrado Pseudomonas aeruginosa após uso de limpador multiuso. Nos equipamentos desinfetados com álcool 70% não houve crescimento bacteriano. Conclusão: A contaminação de equipamentos na unidade de terapia intensiva foi comprovada, assim como a eficiência do álcool a 70% na desinfecção.

Multi-Drug Resistant (MDR) Bacterial Isolates on Close Contact Surfaces and Health Care Workers in Intensive Care Units of a Tertiary Hospital in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe

“…CoNS were frequently isolated from high contact surfaces, as well as from the hands of HCWs (Tables 1 and 2). The high prevalence of CoNS on inanimate surfaces in our study is comparable to studies by Cordeiro et al [36] from Brazil and Lalami et al [10] from Morocco. CoNS particularly S. epidermidis constitute part of the normal human flora, inhabiting the skin and mucous membranes [37].…”

“…However it is important to note that clonality of isolates from HCW's hands and the inanimate environment was not proved in our study. Long considered clinical contaminants, CoNS have emerged globally as major causes of several types of HAIs [36,39,40].…”

What are the risk factors and agents responsible for bacterial infections in ICUs?

“…In most studies, both national and international, CNS's are reported as the major bacterial agents involved in HAI. Mortality from infection by these agents may reach 16%, especially in premature and very low birth weight infants 20 . In this context, CNS's are of fundamental importance, since in the last decade they have emerged as microorganisms strongly associated with septicemia in ICUs and are highlighted as the main agents of HAI in neonatology.…”

“…Na maioria dos estudos, tanto nacionais quanto internacionais, os SCN são relatados como os principais agentes bacterianos envolvidos em IRAS. A mortalidade da infecção por esses agentes pode atingir 16%, principalmente em recém-nascidos prematuros e de muito baixo peso 20 . Nesse contexto, os SCN tem importância fundamental, pois na última década surgiram como microrganismos fortemente associados a septicemias em UTIs e são apontados como os principais agentes de IRAS em neonatologia.…”

Staphylococcus spp. resistentes em hemoculturas e superfícies hospitalares e a segurança do paciente

“…13 The tracking of these microorganisms by appropriate methods, should be extended not only to laboratory testing of patients, particularly blood cultures, but also to the environment which the patients rests, like inanimate surfaces near then, given that different resistant organisms have been reported as possible causes of crossinfection. [13][14][15] Nosocomial infections can be controlled through effective measures that interfere with the microorganism transmission process, such as frequent hand washing, proper cleaning of equipment and surfaces of beds, the use of personal protective equipment and the adoption of aseptic measures. 15 This study aimed to evaluate the presence and resistance profile of Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative Staphylococci resistant to oxacillin isolated in surfaces and blood cultures in an Intensive Care Unit of an emergency hospital in the city of Caruaru, Pernambuco, Brazil.…”