Contamination and Ecological Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Surface Soils of Esfarayen City, Iran

Mohseni‐Bandpei, Anoushiravan; Ashrafi, Seyed Davoud; Kamani, Hossein; Paseban, Ali

doi:10.17795/jhealthscope-39703

Cited by 6 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Food contamination and presence of hazardous substances such as heavy metals and chemicals in foodstuff have become inevitable problems during the past few years (2). The accumulation of heavy metals in certain tissues of living organisms can have toxic effects that may lead to several disorders (3,4). Some elements like lead, cadmium, mercury, and arsenic are non-essential and toxic to the body even at low concentrations while others like copper and zinc are necessary for humans.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Vegetables in an Endemic Esophageal Cancer Region in Iran

2018

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Background: Nowadays, the heavy metals pollution is increasing and the accumulation of these metals in food has posed adverse effects on humans such as inducing various kinds of cancer and non-cancer diseases. The Northeast of Iran, especially Torkman Sahra, has the maximum number of patients with esophageal cancer. Objectives: We investigated the levels of four heavy metals (Zn, Cd, Pb, and Cu) in cucumber and tomato samples in Golestan province, an endemic esophageal cancer region. We evaluated the levels and potential health risks of heavy metals in vegetable samples of Northeastern Iran. Methods: The heavy metal content of the samples was determined by polarography methods. All sample preparation and digestion procedures were carried out according to the Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 20th Edition. Results:The results showed that Cd and Pb concentrations in cucumber and tomato were estimated to be respectively 2.4 to 14.4 and 1.6 to 7 folds higher whereas Zn and Cu levels were lower than the maximum permissible limit for vegetables. The amounts of Pb intake through the consumption of these vegetables were determined more than the provisional tolerable daily intake. The total non-cancer and cancer risk results indicated that the investigated region was relatively unsuitable for growing the vegetables in the view of the risk of the elevated intakes of heavy metals adversely affecting food safety for consumers. Pb was the heavy metal posing non-cancer risks while Cd caused the greatest cancer risk. Conclusions: It was concluded that due to the toxic effects of cadmium and lead, we should be more serious to reduce pollution levels in this region.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Vegetables in an Endemic Esophageal Cancer Region in Iran

2018

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“…The soil plays several ecological, social purposes to human and other biodiversity (Izah et al, 2017c). Therefore, the occurrence of heavy metals in the soil especially the topmost part is one of the major concerns of environmentalists and public health practitioners (Mohseni-Bandpei et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, risk assessment of heavy metals in the environment provides theory support for risk management (Zhu et al, 2012). Among the indices used in assessing risk assessment is contamination factor and potential ecological risk index (Mohseni-Bandpei et al, 2016) and they have widely applied in soil, sediment and water studies (Kowalska et al, 2016;Mazurek et al, 2017;Bhutiani et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Environmental Factors on Seed Germination of <i>Salix linearistipularis</i>

Ma¹,

Xu²,

Qi³

et al. 2018

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This study evaluated the ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in cassava mill effluents contaminated soil in rural community in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. Secondary data was used for the ecological risk assessment. Two background scenarios i.e. geometric mean (BGM) and median mean (BMM) was used as the reference value. The heavy metals that were assessed for ecological risk include viz: Cr, Zn, Cu, Co, Ni, Mn, Pb and Cd. 50% of mean detected individual heavy metals were considered for the location that was not detected. Assessment of the ecological risk was carried out following well established protocol. The results of the potential ecological risk (ER), Ecological risk index (ERI) and Monomial potential ecological risk (MPER) of heavy metals showed low risk under both scenarios except for Cd in one of the locations that showed moderate risk for MPER under both background scenarios in wet season. The distribution of the heavy metals based on potential ecological risk were in the order; Cd > Ni > = Pb > Co > Cu> Cr > Mn = Zn (BMM) and Cd > Pb > Ni = Co > Cu = Cr > Mn > Zn (BGM) for wet season and Cd > Pb = Ni = Cu > Co > Cr > Mn = Zn (BMM) and Cd > Pb > Cu = Co > Ni > Cr > Mn = Zn for dry season. The study showed low ecological risk associated with cassava mill discharged into the environment.

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“…This could be due to the fact that they are toxic and recalcitrant to biodegradation (Singovszka et al, 2014;Mohseni-Bandpei et al, 2016). As such, their contamination level in soils is regarded as a potential hazard for food safety and public health (Karydas et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The occurrence of heavy metals in the soil surfaces is harmful to soil ecosystem, citizens' health and can cause other environmental challenges (Mohseni-Bandpei et al, 2016). Therefore, there is the need to continually assess the characteristics of food processing wastes discharged into the environment at all scale of processing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geo-accumulation Index, Enrichment Factor and Quantification of Contamination of Heavy Metals in Soil Receiving Cassava Mill Effluents in A Rural Community in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria

Izah¹,

Bassey²,

Ohimain³

2017

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-accumulation index, enrichment factor and quantification of contamination of heavy metals in soil receiving cassava mill effluents in a rural community in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria, Molecular Soil Biology, 8(2): 7-20 (doi: 10.5376/msb.2017.08.0002) Abstract This study investigated enrichment factor, geo-accumulation index and quantification of contamination of heavy metals in cassava mill effluents contaminated soil by smallholder cassava processors in a rural community in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. Data used for the environmental risk assessment is from secondary sources. The assessment was carried out under two background scenarios viz: geometric (BGM) and median mean (BMM). 50% of mean detected individual metals was used as mean data for location that the metal was not detected. Assessment was carried out following well established protocol. Results showed that enrichment factor (EF), geo-accumulation index (Igeo), improved Nemerow Index (INI), Metal enrichment index (MEI) and quantification of contamination (QoC) in soil heavy metals (viz: Fe, Cr, Zn, Cu, Co, Ni, Mn, Pb and Cd) receiving cassava mill effluents in a rural community of the Niger Delta region of Nigeria revealed un-contamination to moderately contamination for Igeo, NMI, background rank to significant enrichment for EF, no enrichment to moderate enrichment for MEI, and positive values of quantification of contamination is an indication of pollution/contamination due to anthropogenic sources. The study further showed that cassava mill effluents are contributing to soil heavy metal contamination in study area.

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Contamination and Ecological Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Surface Soils of Esfarayen City, Iran

Cited by 6 publications

References 26 publications

Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Vegetables in an Endemic Esophageal Cancer Region in Iran

Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Vegetables in an Endemic Esophageal Cancer Region in Iran

Effects of Environmental Factors on Seed Germination of <i>Salix linearistipularis</i>

Geo-accumulation Index, Enrichment Factor and Quantification of Contamination of Heavy Metals in Soil Receiving Cassava Mill Effluents in A Rural Community in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria

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