Contamination by Seminal Plasma Factors During Sperm Selection

Sperm Preparation Techniques for Artificial Insemination - Comparison of Sperm Washing, Swim Up, and Density Gradient Centrifugation Methods

“…It is essential to select the most motile and normal morphological spermatozoa from the www.intechopen.com ejaculate as soon as possible, first because some components of the ejaculate contrast with the fertilizing capability of the spermatozoa (Bjorndahl et al, 2005;Mortimer et al, 1998). Then, because spermatozoa and leukocytes produce many oxygen radicals that can negatively influence the fertilizing sperm function (Agarwal & Sekhon, 2010;Aitken et al, 1998;De Jonge, 2002;Shamsi et al, 2008;Sharma & Agarwal, 1996;Zini & Sigman, 2009).…”

“…debris, bacteria) and the diffusion of other substances (e.g. the prostatic zinc) from the semen into the overlaying medium respect of the density-gradient centrifugation (Bjorndahl et al, 2005). Some differences also exist in the presence and the production of the Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and the www.intechopen.com sperm DNA damage, associated with high levels of ROS, after the application of the two main techniques (Irvine et al, 2000;Zini et al, 1993Zini et al, , 2009).…”

“…The AI, as other assisted reproductive techniques, needs a selection of the ejaculated spermatozoa before the performance of the treatment. In fact, some components of the seminal fluid may become an obstacle to the fertilization when the in vitro fertilization or the intrauterine insemination are performed (Bjorndahl et al, 2005). Spermatozoa and leukocytes produce many oxygen radicals that alter the possibility of the sperm-oocyte fusion after repeated centrifugations.…”

Sperm Na+, K+-ATPase and Ca2+-ATPase activity: A preliminary study of comparison of swim up and density gradient centrifugation methods for sperm preparation

“…Usually, the SU method was performed to select sperms in normozoospermia samples, whereas the DGC method was performed to select sperms in oligo/astheno/teratozoospermia or combination of those three semen abnormalities. In contrast, a study by Bjorndahl et al reported that an elevated level of non-sperm elements was performed higher by the SU method than to the DGC method [18]. In addition, a study by Allamaneni et al showed that the DGC resulted in higher percentage of sperm motility both in normozoospermia and asthenozoospermia compared to the SU [19].…”

Methods for Sperm Selection for In Vitro Fertilization

“…The pellet is resuspended in appropriate media and used for ARTs (Bjorndahl et al, 2005;Edwards et al, 1969;Lopata et al, 1978). One of the major disadvantages of this method for sperm preparation is the oxidative cell damage caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated in packaged cells after centrifugation.…”