Contamination du lait maternel par une flore aérobie : évaluation des pertes pour un lactarium

C, Dewitte; Courdent, P.; Charlet, Christian; Dumoulin, D.; Courcol, René; Pierrat, Véronique

doi:10.1016/j.arcped.2015.02.011

Cited by 24 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 20 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Interestingly, pasteurized DBM obtained from HMBANA showed that 10 2 CFU/mL of bacteria were still present in nutrient broth (facultative anaerobes including Staphylococcus and Streptococcus ) in 44% of the DBM samples. This is consistent with previous studies describing the presence of staphylococcal species in DBM as well as spore forming bacteria such as Bacillus cereus ( Crielly et al, 1994 ; Landers and Updegrove, 2010 ; Decousser et al, 2013 ; Akindolire et al, 2015 ; Dewitte et al, 2015 ). Although microbial diversity indexes were similar between DBM and MOM, the most abundant genera differed.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Personalization of the Microbiota of Donor Human Milk with Mother’s Own Milk

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that extremely preterm infants receive mother’s own milk (MOM) when available or pasteurized donor breast milk (DBM) when MOM is unavailable. The goal of this study was to determine whether DBM could be inoculated with MOM from mothers of preterm infants to restore the live microbiota (RM). Culture dependent and culture independent methods were used to analyze the fluctuations in the overall population and microbiome, respectively, of DBM, MOM, and RM samples over time. Using MOM at time = 0 (T0) as the target for the restoration process, this level was reached in the 10% (RM-10) and 30% (RM-30) mixtures after 4 h of incubation at 37°C, whereas, the larger dilutions of 1% (RM-1) and 5% (RM-5) after 8 h. The diversity indexes were similar between MOM and DBM samples, however, different genera were prevalent in each group. Interestingly, 40% of the bacterial families were able to expand in DBM after 4 h of incubation indicating that a large percentage of the bacterial load present in MOM can grow when transferred to DBM, however, no core microbiome was identified. In summary, the microbiome analyses indicated that each mother has a unique microbiota and that live microbial reestablishment of DBM may provide these microbes to individual mothers’ infants. The agreement between the results obtained from the viable bacterial counts and the microbiome analyses indicate that DBM incubated with 10–30% v/v of the MOM for 4 h is a reasonable restoration strategy.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Personalization of the Microbiota of Donor Human Milk with Mother’s Own Milk

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In addition, a rejection rate of 9.74% (974 pools) would be observed, with an average Bacillus cereus contamination concentration of 35.74 CFU/ml. This rejection rate is similar to those reported by human milk banks that use a post-pasteurization sample of 100 microliters for culture [21, 29]. If post-pasteurization bacterial control sampling consisted of nine sample of 100 microliters per milk pool, 6,996 pools with a mean Bacillus cereus concentration of 0.21 would not be detected and would be qualified for distribution.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

“…This simulation was based on our observed internal data (unpublished) with bacteriological post-pasteurization control using 9 samples of 100 microliters per pool: around 30% of pools with a mean Bacillus cereus concentration of 13 CFU/ml were detected and rejected. Moreover, this simulated concentration is consistent with the rejection rate reported in the literature where when using 1 sample of 100 microliters for post-pasteurization bacteriological control: around 10% of pools with Bacillus cereus were detected and rejected [21]:Tpool=true∑i=1Nc1− εVd×Cd,where T pool represents the total number of pathogens per pasteurized milk pool, Nc corresponds to the number of donations contaminated with Bacillus cereus per milk pool, and Nc is equal to the total number of contaminated donations. Because the prevalence of Bacillus cereus in milk donations was assumed to be 100%, all donations were assumed to be contaminated.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 89%

Banked Human Milk and Quantitative Risk Assessment ofBacillus cereusInfection in Premature Infants: A Simulation Study

Lewin

Delage

Germain

2019

Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiolog

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background. Banked human milk (BHM) offers potential health benefits to premature babies. BHM is pasteurized to mitigate infectious risks, but pasteurization is ineffective against sporulating bacteria such as Bacillus cereus. Sepsis related to Bacillus cereus in premature infants is severe and can often be fatal. Even if a causal link has never been established, BHM has been suggested as a potential source of infection in premature infants. Objective. Our aim was to estimate the potential risk of Bacillus cereus infection in preterm infants caused by the ingestion of contaminated pasteurized BHM using different post-pasteurization release criteria (i.e., 9 sampling of 100 microliters versus the HMBANA guideline of 1 sampling of 100 microliters per pool). Methods. In the absence of scientific evidence regarding the risk of Bacillus cereus infection by the ingestion of BHM in premature infants, risk assessment using Monte Carlo simulation with the exponential dose-response model was performed. Three scenarios of infectious risk (annual incidence rate of 0.01%, 0.13%, and 0.2%) with 18 variations of the B. cereus virulent dose (from 0.5 CFU/ml to 200 CFU/ml) were simulated. Results. The mean risk differential between the two methods of post-pasteurization bacteriological control for realistic infectious doses of 30 to 200 CFU/ml ranges from 0.036 to 0.0054, 0.47 to 0.070, and 0.72 to 0.11 per million servings, for each of the three scenarios. Conclusion. Simulation highlights the very small risk of Bacillus cereus infection following the ingestion of pasteurized BHM, even in the worst case scenarios, and suggests that a 100-microliter sample for post-pasteurization culture is sufficient.

show abstract

“…Two types of pathogens can contaminate such a medium: (i) endogenous pathogens from the mother and (ii) exogenous pathogens that mainly result from human milk collection by milk banks ( 4 ). Consequently, ensuring the safety and quality of donor human milk appears to be a crucial issue ( 5 – 8 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New High Hydrostatic Pressure Process to Assure the Microbial Safety of Human Milk While Preserving the Biological Activity of Its Main Components

Demazeau¹,

Plumecocq²,

Lehours

et al. 2018

Front. Public Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: The main process used to pasteurize human milk is the low-temperature, long-time Holder method. More recently, the high-temperature, short-time method has been investigated. Both processes lead to the appropriate inactivation of vegetative bacterial forms but are ineffective against bacterial spores.Research Aims/Questions: We aimed to accomplish two main objectives: inactivation of all pathogens, including spores; and preservation of the activity of milk components.Design/Methods: Recently, a novel high-hydrostatic pressure process has been developed by HPBioTECH. Using the same raw human milk samples, we compared the effects of this method with those of the Holder method on vegetative and spore forms of pathogens and on bioactive components (lipase activity, immunoproteins).Results: Two main microbial strains were selected: Staphylococcus aureus (as a reference for vegetative forms) and Bacillus cereus (as a reference for spores). Use of the high-hydrostatic pressure process led to microbial decontamination of 6 log for both S. aureus and B. cereus. Additionally, the bioactivity of the main components of human milk was preserved, with activities of lipase, α-lactalbumin, casein, lysozyme, lactoferrin, and sIgA of ~80, 96–99, 98–100, 95–100, 93–97, and 63–64%, respectively.Conclusions: Use of this novel high-hydrostatic pressure process to generate microbiologically safe human milk may provide important benefits for preterm infants, including improved assimilation of human milk (leading increased weight gain) and improved resistance to infections. Because 10% of all human milk collected is contaminated by B. cereus, use of this method will also prevent waste.

show abstract

Contamination du lait maternel par une flore aérobie : évaluation des pertes pour un lactarium

Cited by 24 publications

References 20 publications

Personalization of the Microbiota of Donor Human Milk with Mother’s Own Milk

Personalization of the Microbiota of Donor Human Milk with Mother’s Own Milk

Banked Human Milk and Quantitative Risk Assessment ofBacillus cereusInfection in Premature Infants: A Simulation Study

A New High Hydrostatic Pressure Process to Assure the Microbial Safety of Human Milk While Preserving the Biological Activity of Its Main Components

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About