Contamination of soils with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons near petrol stations in the city of Kielce

Rabajczyk, Anna; Świercz, Anna

doi:10.37190/epe180207

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 11 publications

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“…According to [49], strength of association expressed by correlation coefficient can be classified according to its value as follows: no association (0 -0.2); weak (0.2 -0.4); medium (0.4 -0.7); strong (0.7 -0.9); very strong (0.9 -1.0). The Pearson correlation matrix of the heavy metals in soil samples from the vicinity of petrol stations in the present study are shown in Table 5.…”

Section: Correlation Matrixmentioning

confidence: 99%

Levels, Ecological and Human Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Soils From Sites Neighboring Petrol Stations in Kogi State, Nigeria

Kadili¹,

Eneji²,

Itodo³

et al. 2021

JCSN

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Soil pollution caused by heavy metals has become the subject of many research. This is because heavy metals are highly toxic, ubiquitous and bio-accumulates. This study was carried out to investigate the levels of heavy metal pollution in soils around petrol stations within three major towns in Kogi State, Central Nigeria. Soil samples were collected at depths of 0 - 30 cm between the months of September and October, 2020 and subjected to elemental analysis using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). The total concentrations of the studied metals varied between 0.0102 - 0.0743 mg/kg Cd; 0.009 - 0.0439 mg/kg Cr; 0.0002 - 0.0099 mg/kg Pb; 4.99 - 28.1 mg/kg Cu and 168 – 677 mg/kg Fe. The mean concentrations of the detected metals - Cd, Cr, Pb, Cu and Fe in the study area varied thus: 0.0391, 0.0241, 0.00552, 16.9 and 388 mg/kg respectively. The decreasing trend of heavy metals in all the sample locations was in the order of: Fe > Cu > Cd > Cr > Pb. Ecological/human health risk assessment tools such as Contamination Factor (CF), Degree of Contamination (Cd), Geo-accumulation Index (Igeo), Pollution Load Index (PLI) and Enrichment factor (EF) were employed to ascertain soil health status in the area. Results reveals low level of soil pollution with Cd, Cr, Pb, Fe and moderate pollution with Cu, while metal enrichment factor shows extremely high enrichment of Cd and Cu. Correlation study reveals strong positive relationship among Cd/Cr (r = 0.835), Cd/Cu (r = 0.699) and Cu/Cr (r = 0.859) at 5 % level of significance, indicating that soil contamination by the metals originated from a common anthropogenic sources such as different activities within the petrol stations including fuel spills, combustion of fossil fuel, leakage of underground tanks and pipes, wear and tear of vehicle tyres, engine parts and brake shoes as well as emissions from agricultural areas in proximity to the petrol stations. Since some of these metals are toxic even at low concentrations, it is therefore, recommended that the Department of Petroleum Resources (DPR) and other regulatory agencies frequently monitor the levels of these pollutants within the area and also ensure strict adherence to guidelines by petrol stations owners during sitting and operations to ensure a healthy environment.

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Section: Correlation Matrixmentioning

confidence: 99%

Levels, Ecological and Human Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Soils From Sites Neighboring Petrol Stations in Kogi State, Nigeria

Kadili¹,

Eneji²,

Itodo³

et al. 2021

JCSN

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Toxicological Risk Evaluation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Soils from a Petroleum Spillage Site at Kokori in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria

Sule,

Tijani,

Atta

et al. 2023

UJMR

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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are widespread environmental contaminants that are produced by the incomplete combustion of organic sources and are widely found in soils. This present research was carried out to evaluate the concentrations and toxicological risk assessment of the United States Environmental Protection Agency's sixteen priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (16 priority PAHs) in soils from the vicinity of an oil spillage site in Delta State of Nigeria. The level of pollution and potential toxicological health hazards of the PAHs were assessed in surface soil samples using soxhlet extraction of and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Thirteen out of the sixteen USEPA priority PAHs were detected in the soil sample. The concentrations of PAHs in the petroleum-contaminated soils in this investigation ranged from 0.01181 ppm to 1.16054 ppm, with the total estimated concentration of the 16 priority PAHs being 5.6713 ppm. Furthermore, the distribution of the PAHs in the study area was predominated by LMW PAHs (62%) over HMW PAHs (38%). Additionally, the total toxicity equivalency quotients TEQ (B[a]Peq) result of the carcinogenic potency of the USEPA priority PAHs was calculated as 0.08689 ppm (8.689%) and was discovered to be within the Canadian TEQ (B[a]Peq) threshold of 0.6 ppm. This suggests that the soil in the study area is safe based on the Canadian TEQ (B[a]Peq) standard and does not constitute a carcinogenic risk. However, the long-term bioaccumulation of these low quantities of PAHs in human has been found to constitute a potential health concern due to bioaccumulation in living systems.

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Contamination of soils with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons near petrol stations in the city of Kielce

Cited by 2 publications

References 11 publications

Levels, Ecological and Human Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Soils From Sites Neighboring Petrol Stations in Kogi State, Nigeria

Levels, Ecological and Human Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Soils From Sites Neighboring Petrol Stations in Kogi State, Nigeria

Toxicological Risk Evaluation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Soils from a Petroleum Spillage Site at Kokori in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria

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