Contemporary geomorphological activity throughout the proglacial area of an alpine catchment

Carrivick, Jonathan L.; Geilhausen, Martin; Warburton, Jeff; Dickson, Neil; Carver, Steve; Evans, Andrew; Brown, Lee E.

doi:10.1016/j.geomorph.2012.03.029

Cited by 72 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Carrivick et al, 2012;Carrivick & Rushmer, 2009;Curry, 2000;Curry et al, 2006;Matthews, 1992;Moreau et al, 2008). Curry et al (2006) reported from two glacier forefields in the Swiss Alps, that paraglacial slope adjustment operates primary through gully incision and subsequent debris cone formation within a few decades but that the transfer of valley floor paraglacial sediment stores tends to be much slower.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Within the proglacial zone of the Ö denwinkelkees, a glacier located ca. 7 kilometres north-west of the Pasterze, Carrivick et al (2012) quantified contemporary geomorphological activity and sediment transport by means of repeated terrestrial laser scanning. They found that activity decreases in both intensity and areal extent with increasing distance from the glacier and that it becomes progressively confined to the valley floor and thus to the fluvial process domain .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spatial distribution of sediment storage types in two glacier landsystems (Pasterze & Obersulzbachkees, Hohe Tauern, Austria)

2012

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For the first time, geomorphological maps of the Obersulzbachkees (ca. 28 km 2 ) and the Pasterze (ca. 39.7 km 2 ) glacier landsystem at the catchment scale (1:10,000 and 1:12,500) are presented and the distribution of sediment storage types and (sub)recent sediment transfer processes are quantified and discussed. Special attention is drawn to the activity and function of sediment storages within the sediment cascade and on process (de)coupling of the sediment transfer systems. Glaciers cover ca. 50% of the landsystems and have retreated more than 1 km within the last six decades. The spatial distribution of sediment storage types delivers a record of the historical activity of the glaciers and the degree of sediment storage activity gives insights into the state of paraglacial landform adjustment. A typical landform assemblage is found in both landsystems. Moraine deposits are the dominant sediment storage type (coverage of ca. 3 km 2 in both landsystems) and a significant source of (sub)recent sediment transfer. Deposits of reworked till account for ca. 4% of the total sediment coverage and paraglacial reworking is the main evolutionary factor for drift-mantled slopes with high activity in ice marginal and proximal locations (gully densities up to 3.7 per 100 metres of slope). With increasing distances from the glacier, the importance of paraglacial reworking decreases (gully density of 0.5 to 0.6). However, the contribution of paraglacial reworking to the overall sediment output is insignificant due to decoupling effects and till and debris are currently stored in both landsystems. The glacifluvial transport system is supply limited at the Obersulzbachkees and transport limited at the Pasterze. We consider the proglacial zone as a key control on sediment delivery from the glacier to the downstream fluvial system and hypothesize that the majority of sediment output from both landsystems is suspended load.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial distribution of sediment storage types in two glacier landsystems (Pasterze & Obersulzbachkees, Hohe Tauern, Austria)

2012

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“…Direct measuring techniques (e.g., bottle sampling or optical methods) are often used for suspended sediment measurements at catchments of different scales (e.g., Bezak et al, 2015a). In some situations some of these methods are not suitable for determining long-term sediment loads in small mountain catchments because the most extreme events can be missed (Carrivick et al, 2013). For example, manual bottle sampling is very difficult during extreme events.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, manual bottle sampling is very difficult during extreme events. Measurements of bed material transport can often be complicated (e.g., Anderson and Pitlick, 2014), while sediment measurements using direct conventional methods can underestimate the long-term average rates (Carrivick et al, 2013;Kirchner et al, 2001). However, permanent measuring stations such as the Rio Cordon station (e.g., Lenzi and Marchi, 2000;Mao and Lenzi, 2007;Picco et al, 2012) yield valuable information about the long-term sediment budgets and can yield adequate measuring results under normal and extreme conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geomorphic response detection and quantification in a steep forested torrent

et al. 2017

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“…When meltwater from glaciers and/or snowpacks is concentrated into streamflows, fluvial processes often represent one of the most important factors shaping surrounding landscape (e.g. ; Ballantyne, 2002;Carrivick et al, 2013). Moreover, they substantially control exchange of material, nutrients Maurice et al, 2002;Conovitz et al, 2006) and organic matter (Spaulding et al, 1994;Simmons et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal hydrological and suspended sediment transport dynamics in proglacial streams, James Ross Island, Antarctica

Kavan

Ondruch

Nývlt

et al. 2016

Geografiska Annaler: Series A, Physical Geography

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Rapid warming of the Antarctic Peninsula is producing accelerated glacier mass loss and can be expected to have significant impacts on meltwater runoff regimes and proglacial fluvial activity. This study presents analysis of the hydrology and suspended sediment dynamics of two proglacial streams on James Ross Island, Antarctic Peninsula. Mean water discharge during 8/1/2015 to 18/2/2015 reached 0.19 m 3 s -1 and 0.06 m 3 s -1 for Bohemian Stream and Algal Stream, respectively, equivalent to specific runoff of 76 mm month -1 and 60 mm month -1 . The daily discharge regime strongly correlated with air and ground temperatures. The effect of global radiation on proglacial water discharge was found low to negligible. Suspended sediment concentrations of Bohemian Stream were very high (up to 2927 mg L -1 ) due to aeolian supply and due to the high erodibility of local rocks. Total sediment yield (186 t km -2 yr -1 ) was high for (nearly) deglaciated catchments, but relatively low in comparison with streams draining more glaciated alpine and arctic catchments. The sediment provenance was mostly local Cretaceous marine and aeolian sediments; volcanic rocks are not an important source for suspended load. High Rb/Sr ratios for some samples suggested chemical weathering. Overall, this monitoring of proglacial hydrological and suspended sediment dynamics contributes to the dearth of such data from Antarctic environments and offers an insight to the nature of the proglacial fluvial activity, which is likely to be in a transient state with ongoing climate change.

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Contemporary geomorphological activity throughout the proglacial area of an alpine catchment

Cited by 72 publications

References 63 publications

Spatial distribution of sediment storage types in two glacier landsystems (Pasterze & Obersulzbachkees, Hohe Tauern, Austria)

Spatial distribution of sediment storage types in two glacier landsystems (Pasterze & Obersulzbachkees, Hohe Tauern, Austria)

Geomorphic response detection and quantification in a steep forested torrent

Seasonal hydrological and suspended sediment transport dynamics in proglacial streams, James Ross Island, Antarctica

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