Contemporary rates of chemical denudation and atmospheric CO2 sequestration in glacier basins: an Arctic perspective

Hodson, Andy; Tranter, Martyn; Vatne, Geir

doi:10.1002/1096-9837(200012)25:13<1447::aid-esp156>3.0.co;2-9

Cited by 130 publications

(152 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Hodson et al 1997), as are the rates of chemical denudation that occur (Hodson et al 2000). Thus it is already well known that subglacial drainage exerts a major influence upon the export of suspended sediment and crustally derived solute from the glacier basins present.…”

Section: Glacial Erosion and Nutrient Provisionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Details are given in Hodson et al (2000Hodson et al ( , 2002). Briefly, Midre Love´nbreen and Austre Brøggerbreen occupy catchments that are 10 and 32 km 2 respectively and both have mass balance records that demonstrate significant declines since the records began in the late 1960s (Hagen and Liestøl 1990;Kohler, unpublished data).…”

Section: The Field Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The exceptions are inorganic carbon and silica, which have received significant research attention due to their importance with respect to geochemical feedbacks in the coupled cryosphere -atmosphere system (e.g. Sharp et al 1995;Hodson et al 2000;Tranter et al 2002). Similarly, glacial meltwater P concentrations have been used to assess the importance of rock weathering and suspended sediments in catchment P dynamics (Chillrud et al 1994;Tockner et al 2002;Hodson et al in press).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The High Arctic glacial ecosystem: new insights from nutrient budgets

et al. 2005

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Abstract. This paper describes detailed budgets of water, Cl ) , dissolved Si and both inorganic and organic forms of nitrogen and phosphorus for two small glacier basins in Arctic Svalbard (Midre Love´nbreen and AustreBrøggerbreen). Rates of nutrient deposition are modest, dominated by inorganic nitrogen and episodically enhanced by extreme events. Hence deposition rates are also variable, ranging from 20 to 72 kg NO 3 -N km )2 a )1 and 10-37 kg NH 4 -N km )2 a )1 over just two consecutive years. Deposition of dissolved organic and particulate forms of nitrogen (DONand PN respectively) also appears significant and therefore requires further investigation (3-8 kg DON-N km )2 and 7-26 kg PN-N km )2 during winter -no summer data are available). Evidence for microbially mediated nutrient cycling within the glacial system is clear in the nutrient budgets, as is the release of large phosphorus, Si and organic/particulate nitrogen fluxes by subglacial erosion. The latter is entirely dependent upon the presence of subglacial drainage, promoting silicate mineral dissolution and the erosion of largely unweathered apatite. The large DON and PN fluxes are surprising and may relate to young organic nitrogen associated with microbial life within the glaciers. This is because wide spread assimilation of NH 4 + and perhaps even nitrification occurs on the glacier surface, most likely within abundant cryoconite holes. Further microbial activity also occurs at the glacier bed, where denitrification and sulphate reduction is now known to take place. Thus a two component 'glacial ecosystem' is proposed that is highly sensitive to climate change.

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Section: Glacial Erosion and Nutrient Provisionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Field Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The High Arctic glacial ecosystem: new insights from nutrient budgets

et al. 2005

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“…Also, the hydrochemical aspects of chemical denudation generated by cryochemical processes in the glacierized and non-glacierized areas was carried out. The results of these studies were recently published by, among many others, Hodson et al (2000Hodson et al ( , 2002, Cooper et al (2002), Kokelj and Burn (2003), Chmiel et al (2007Chmiel et al ( , 2011Chmiel et al ( , 2012, Krawczyk and Pettersson (2007), Krawczyk and Bartoszewski (2008), Zwoliński et al (2008Zwoliński et al ( , 2012, Bring and Destouni (2009), Dragon and Marciniak (2010), Kuhry et al (2010), Mazurek et al (2012) and Szpikowski et al (2014b). Effects of cryochemical processes were investigated also in the western part of Spitsbergen, in several small glacierized and non-glacierized river catchments: Pulina (1984Pulina ( , 1990, Pulina et al (1984), Kostrzewski et al (1989), Bartoszewski et al (1991); Pulina and Burzyk (2002), Chmiel et al (2007Chmiel et al ( , 2011Chmiel et al ( , 2012; Krawczyk and Pettersson (2007); Rachlewicz et al (2007); Szpikowski et al (2014a, b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…The mean daily load of dissolved material transported from the unit of catchment area was calculated ('Total' in Sharp et al (1995), and Hodson et al (2000). The quantitative contribution of rock, atmospheric and sea components was determined (Table 4).…”

Section: Ionic Transport and Chemical Denudationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogeochemical and Biogeochemical Processes in Kaffiøyra River Catchments (Spitsbergen, Norway)

Borysiak

Grześ

Pulina³

et al. 2015

Quaestiones Geographicae

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The paper presents the results of hydrogeochemical and biogeochemical studies in the area of Kaffiøyra river catchments in the ablation season 2004. Vegetation, hydrological regime, mineralization and ionic composition of circulating waters, rate of annual chemical denudation and biogenic CO 2 content in soil air in relation to the concentration of dissolved and transported HCO 3 -ions were documented. The waters represented the type HCO 3 --SO 4 2--Ca. Most of ions showed a good correlation with electrical conductivity. A good correlation between dissolved and transported mass and the discharge was shown. The value of the chemical denudation in non-glacierized catchments of the Kaffiøyra plain was 0.07 and 0.13 t km -2 d -1 , in glacierized catchment -0,21 t km -2 d -1. The biogenic CO 2 concentrations in tundra soil air ranged from 0.03-0.08%, while the average was 0.046%. The mean rate of CO 2 ionic transport was 3 kg d -1 , while of HCO 3 --0.63 t d -1. A low correlation between the concentration of biogenic CO 2 in soil air and HCO 3 -was found, which indicates the involvement of other, unexamined bio-and physico-chemical processes.

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Sediment and Solute Transport in Glacial Meltwater Streams

Tranter

2005

Encyclopedia of Hydrological Sciences

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This review documents the suspended sediment and major ion concentrations of glacial runoff, with a view to understanding the controls on sediment and solute fluxes from glaciated catchments. The sediment yield from glaciated catchments (those with >30% glacial cover) is often an order of magnitude greater than those of similar, nonglaciated catchments. Remarkably, sediment yield from glacier basins scales with basin area, most likely as a consequence of thicker ice thicknesses and ice fluxes, which increase the rate of subglacial erosion. The rate of glacial erosion usually exceeds the rate of transport of material from the catchment, so that following deglaciation sediment yield remains high for periods of 10 3 –10 5 years. The concentration of ions in glacial runoff is typically less than that of temperate river waters, yet the solute yield from glaciated catchments is similar to that of temperate catchments when scaled by specific runoff. Glaciers are particularly efficient in dissolving carbonates, sulfides, fluid inclusions, and the surfaces of silicate minerals. This is a consequence of the production of fine‐grained, geochemically reactive sediments in subglacial environments and the high water flux through many glaciated catchments. Subglacial chemical weathering is microbially mediated. Hence, glacier beds act as refugia for microbial life, which spans the range from fully oxic to fully anoxic conditions.

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Contemporary rates of chemical denudation and atmospheric CO2 sequestration in glacier basins: an Arctic perspective

Cited by 130 publications

References 52 publications

The High Arctic glacial ecosystem: new insights from nutrient budgets

The High Arctic glacial ecosystem: new insights from nutrient budgets

Hydrogeochemical and Biogeochemical Processes in Kaffiøyra River Catchments (Spitsbergen, Norway)

Sediment and Solute Transport in Glacial Meltwater Streams

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