Contemporary research findings on dentine remineralization

Abstract

Dentine remineralization is important for the treatment of dentine caries and the bonding durability of dentine and resin materials in clinical practice. Early studies of dentine remineralization were mostly based on the classical pathway of crystallization, which involves large-scale deposition of calcium phosphate crystals on collagen and is achieved in a liquid environment containing mineral ions. Results from these studies were unsatisfactory and not suitable for clinical application because they did not simulate the ordering of hydroxyapatite in the collagen fibres of natural teeth. As studies on collagen type I and non-collagenous proteins have advanced, dentine biomimetic remineralization has become a popular research topic and has shifted to processes involving intrafibrillar remineralization, which is more similar to natural tooth formation. The objective of this review was to summarize current theory and research progress as it relates to dentine remineralization.

Quantitative study of the influence of swimming therapy on osteoporosis rat models based on synchrotron radiation computed tomogaphy

“…In particular, it was found in this study that the weight loaded during swimming may be an important factor. Moderate intensity exercise may be the optimal choice for prevention of bone loss in ovariectomized rats treated with swimming therapy, which has also been suggested in previous studies (Bagi et al, 1992;Zhong, 2007). A possible reason underlying the finding that moderate intensity swimming exercise is most effective for bone health is that a moderate load can provide the necessary stimulus for osteogenic effects.…”

In vitro remineralization of hybrid layers using biomimetic analogs

“…In our (Kim J. et al, 2010;Kim Y.K. et al, 2010a;Zhong et al, 2015). Some fluoride-releasing adhesive resins may induce crystal growth within fluid-filled gaps of resin-dentin interfaces without biomimetic remineralization (Hashimoto et al, 2008).…”

“…Compared to transmission electron microscopy, CLSM requires no preparation of thin specimens and is therefore simple and fast (Fontana et al, 1996;Pfarrer et al, 1996;Zhong et al, 2015). When using CLSM, the intensity of a fluorescent dye penetrating an artificial carious dentin lesion is proportional to the porosity or loss of mineral density within the lesion (van der Veen et al, 1996;Jardine et al, 2016).…”

“…According to this approach, a PAA with a low MW is used to imitate the stabilizing function of dentin matrix protein 1 (DMP1) on amorphous calcium phosphate precursors (He et al, 2005;Mai et al, 2009;Zhong et al, 2015). The interaction of the Portland cement with SBF reduces these precursors to a nanoscale (Olszta et al, 2003;Mai et al, 2009) and thus prevents their aggregation and precipitation (Cai and Tang, 2008;Mai et al, 2009;Zhong et al, 2015).…”

“…However, no solution-based systems can yet be used clinically and basic science may here only pave the way for the development of future usable techniques (Zhong et al, 2015;Luo et al, 2016).…”