Contemporary Sedimentary Environments on Baffin Island, N.W.T., Canada: Debris Slope Accumulations

Church, Michael; Stock, Robert; Ryder, June M.

doi:10.2307/1550559

Cited by 92 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The Entrance Screes are the lowest site sampled in Surprise (Table I), well below treeline, and consist of a series of talus sheets (sensu Church et al, 1979) and shallow cones below a vertical cliff of Pekisko limestone (Fig. 24).…”

Section: Entrance Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

Debris Accumulation Patterns on Talus Slopes in Surprise Valley, Alberta

Luckman¹

2007

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This paper presents the results of the measurement of debris accumulation processes, patterns and volumes at seven sites over a 13-year period in Surprise Valley, Alberta, Canada. Mean accumulation rates range up to ca 5 mm/yr and are strongly influenced by the amount and frequency of snow avalanche activity. All talus slopes studied experienced avalanches during the 13-year period and avalanche erosion is important in modifying and reworking the surface of these slopes. Mapped depositional patterns on selected slopes indicate deposition is more probable and usually greater on upper an middle slopes but avalanche erosion may result in greater volumes of deposition on lower slopes in some years (almost one year in two at the most active sites). There is high year-to-year and site-tosite variation in avalanche activity indicating that local, site specific controls are the most important determinant of depositional patterns. Rockfall amounts are underestimated by the point sampling techniques used in this study. Limited available data suggest rockfall inputs to the talus exceed those by snow avalanches (much of the avalanche deposition is reworked from upslope) and a least two major debris-flow generating events were recorded over a 13-year period.On présente ici les résultats de mesures prises au cours d'une période de 13 ans sur les processus, les modes de mise en place et le volume des débris dans Surprise Valley, en Alberta. Les taux d'accumulation moyens s'élèvent jusqu'à environ 5 mm/an et sont grandement dépendants de la quantité et de la fréquence des avalanches. Tous les talus d'éboulis ont été affectés par les avalanches au cours de ces 13 années, et l'érosion provoquée par les avalanches est importante en ce qu'elle modifie et remanie la surface des versants. Les modes de mise en place sur quelques versants choisies démontrent que l'accumulation est davantage probable et plus importante dans les parties supérieures et moyennes des versants, mais que l'érosion par les avalanches peut donner de plus grandes accumulations dans les parties inférieures des versants selon les années (presque un an sur deux aux sites les plus actifs). On note une forte variation de l'activité des avalanches d'une année à l'autre et d'un site à l'autre, démontrant ainsi que les forces locales spécifiques à chacun des sites sont les éléments les plus importants déterminant le mode d'accumulation. Selon les techniques utilisés dans ce travail, les éboulis rocheux sont sous-estimés. Les quelques données disponibles laissent croire que les débris produits par les éboulis rocheux sur les talus sont plus volumineux que ceux résultant des avalanches (la plus grande partie de l'accumulation entraînée par les avalanches est remaniée à partir de la partie supérieure de la pente). Au moins deux événements importants responsables de coulées de débris ont été enregistrées au cours des 13 années.Dieser Artikel stellt die Messungsergebnisse von Verlauf, Anordnung und Volumen der Gesteinstrummeranhàufung dar, die ùber einen Zeitraum von 13 Jahre...

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Section: Entrance Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

Debris Accumulation Patterns on Talus Slopes in Surprise Valley, Alberta

Luckman¹

2007

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“…The deposits typically have slope gradients in the range of approximately 30-40° and a concave-upwards profile (Rapp, 1960;Kirkby & Statham, 1975;Church, et al, 1979). Talus slopes undergo sorting mechanisms during deposition whereby smaller particles are retained at the top of the deposit and larger boulders are found at the base.…”

Section: Talus Slope Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Talus cones (Plate 2.1) occur at the outlet of a rock chute or a mountain gully along major joints or other rock weaknesses that localize rock delivery (Rapp, 1960;Church et al, 1979).…”

Section: Talus Slope Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…transfer mechanisms are more variable than for talus sheets (see below; Church et al, 1979). Compound talus slopes (Plate 2.2) form when a series of talus cone coalesce laterally, and talus sheets (Plate 2.3) form when falling rocks accumulate at the base of a continuous rock face usually having similar geology (Rapp, 1960;Evans, 1976 …”

Section: Talus Slope Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The widening or lengthening of pre-existing macrocracks that experience freezing of the crack-filling water is caused by macrogelivation. This process is significant in producing rock fragments on the cliff face (Rapp, 1960;Church et al, 1979;Matsuoka & Sakai, 1999).…”

Section: Influence Of Climatic and Environmental Factors In Rockfall mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Controls on Rockfall-Talus Process-Response Systems, Kananaskis, Canadian Rockies

Thapa¹

2017

Geological Society of America Abstracts With Programs

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Rockfall processes are important contributors to hillslope erosion in mountainous regions.Assessment of rockfall activity processes over regional scales has not been widely undertaken, and further assessment about controls of rockfall-talus processes is required.The present study investigates rockfall-talus processes over extended spatiotemporal scales in Kananaskis, Canadian Rockies utilizing aerial photographs, digital elevation models, geologic and paleoclimatic data. An inventory of talus deposits in fifth-order drainage basins was collected for Kananaskis, with rockfall erosion rates of 2.9 mm yr -1 . Resultsshow a strong association of talus with faults and cirques. Although frost cracking is likely an important process leading to rockfall erosion, reconstructed temperature data suggests frost cracking alone is not the major determinant of locations of rockfall activity and talus deposition. Findings of this study provide important information on the contribution and controls of rockfall activity that can be utilized to better understand landscape evolution in mountainous regions.iii

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Field Experiments on Physical Weathering and Wind Erosion in an Antarctic Cold Desert

Matsuoka

Moriwaki

Hirakawa

1996

Earth Surf. Process. Landforms

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Field experiments were carried out over a five year period with the aim of understanding contemporary weathering and erosional environments in the Sør Rondane Mountains, an Antarctic cold desert region. These include observations of (1) scaling from rockwalls, (2) disintegration of tuff blocks with or without saline solutions, and (3) abrasion of artificial walls by wind. Monitoring was also made of rock surface temperature and wind speed. Despite frequent temperature oscillations across 0°C, rock scaling due to frost action was generally very slow because of low moisture content in the rockwalls. Exposure to the cold, dry climate led to the rapid disintegration of porous tuff blocks including soluble salts like halite and thenardite. This indicates that rates of weathering are increased greatly with the accumulation of such salts in the bedrock. Although gypsum did not cause any visible damage over four years, its widespread occurrence in heavily damaged rocks demonstrates that increasing gypsum contents may also intensify rock breakdown. The snow‐laden katabatic wind resulted in rapid wearing of the windward face of an asbestos board with the peak erosion at 30–40 cm above the ground. Nonetheless, the landforms expected from the unidirectional wind characteristics are by no means common features because of lack of abrasive materials, such as snow and sand particles. These experiments suggest that frost weathering and wind erosion are only locally effective where plenty of moisture or an abrasive material is available, whilst salt weathering and removal of the waste by wind play a major role in constructing erosional landforms over the mountains.

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Contemporary Sedimentary Environments on Baffin Island, N.W.T., Canada: Debris Slope Accumulations

Cited by 92 publications

References 13 publications

Debris Accumulation Patterns on Talus Slopes in Surprise Valley, Alberta

Debris Accumulation Patterns on Talus Slopes in Surprise Valley, Alberta

Controls on Rockfall-Talus Process-Response Systems, Kananaskis, Canadian Rockies

Field Experiments on Physical Weathering and Wind Erosion in an Antarctic Cold Desert

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