CONTENIDO DE TANINOS EN LA CORTEZA DE DOS ESPECIES DE PARÁCATA (Erythroxylon compactum Rose y Senna skinneri Benth. Irwin & Barneby)

Abstract

México. Correo-e: rutiaga@umich.mx ( * Autor para correspondencia). 2Departamento de Madera, Celulosa y Papel "Ing. Karl Augustín Grellmann", Universidad de Guadalajara. km 15.5 Carretera Guadalajara-Nogales, Las Agujas. C. P. 45010. Zapopan, Jalisco, México. RESUMENS e obtuvieron taninos de la corteza de Parácata (Erythroxylon compactum Rose y Senna skinneri Benth. Irwin & Barneby) mediante extracción acuosa aplicando un diseño experimental 2 k , con k = 4 y n = 2. Los factores y niveles fueron: Factor A = tamaño de partícula (0.417, 6.68 mm), Factor B = tiempo de extracción (120, 180 min), Factor C = temperatura de extracción (80, 87 °C), Factor D = relación sólido-líquido (1:15, 1:12). Se evaluó la calidad curtiente de los taninos. Se curtió una piel de venado con taninos de S. skinneri y se determinó la resistencia al desagarre y la resistencia a la tensión. Los resultados de las propiedades físico-mecánicas de la piel curtida fueron superiores a los valores mínimos recomendados por las normas mexicanas. Con base en lo anterior, se estima que la corteza de S. skinneri pudiera ser susceptible de aprovechamiento para la extracción de taninos y así usarlos en el curtido de pieles. ABSTRACT T annins were obtained from Parácata (Erythroxylon compactum Rose and Senna skinneriBenth. Irwin & Barneby) bark by aqueous extraction using a 2 k experimental design, with k = 4 and n = 2. The factors and levels were: Factor A = particle size (0.417, 6.68 mm), Factor B = extraction time (120, 180 min), Factor C = extraction temperature (80, 87 °C), Factor D = solid-liquid ratio (1:15, 1:12). The tanning quality of the tannins was evaluated. A deerskin was tanned using S. skinneri tannins and its tear load and tensile strength were determined. Test results for the physical and mechanical properties of the tanned leather were higher than the minimum values recommended by Mexican standards. We therefore conclude that the tannins in S. skinneri bark are suitable for use in tanning.

Physicochemical Characterization of Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms)

“…The values for total extract (TE) ranged from 12.1 in roots to 15.7 wt.% in leaves, using ethanol and water as solvents, respectively. These values are slightly higher than those reported for the barks of some pine species (Rosales and González 2003) and in the range for those reported for barks of other hardwood species: 11.1 wt.% for Erythroxylon compactum and 17.7 wt.% for Senna skinneri (Colín-Urieta et al 2013).…”

“…The amount of condensed tannins (T) in roots and leaves in our study ranged from 5.4 by aqueous to 6.9 wt.% by ethanolic extraction. This content is higher compared to that reported for leaves (0.98%) in E. crassipes (Saha and Ray 2011) or similar to that found in the bark of Pinus leiophylla (5.8%), Pinus durangensis (6.4%) (Rosales and González 2003), and in the bark of Erythroxylon compactum (5.6%) (Colín et al 2013). However, the tannin content in E. crassipes was lower than the value reported as suitable for commercial potential (Colín-Urieta et al 2013).…”

“…These values are similar to others reported for pine barks (30 to 80 wt. %) (Rosales and González 2003) and lower than those published by Colín-Urieta et al (2013), who found 60.1 wt.% for Erythroxylon compactum and 79.4 wt.% for Senna skinneri. The amount of condensed tannins (T) in roots and leaves in our study ranged from 5.4 by aqueous to 6.9 wt.% by ethanolic extraction.…”