Content and biological value of protein in grain of spring barley accessions

Abstract

In 2015-2017, the Plant Production Institute named after V.Ya. Yuriev of NAAS studied the dependence of protein content on growing conditions and genotype and evaluated its biological value for food production. Seventy barley lines and cultivars belonging to different varieties and originating from different eco-geographical regions were the test material. It was established that under the similar weather conditions of 2015-2017 the protein content in grain of spring barley accessions insignificantly depended on the cultivation conditions and was mainly determined by the genotype. In naked barley accessions, this parameter was significantly higher (12.05-15.46%) than that in chaffy ones (10.91-13.82%). Among the chaffy cultivars, Rezerv was the only cultivar with the protein content significantly exceeding the average throughout the experiment (13.82%); as to naked cultivars, 11 of 16 cultivars had protein contents higher than the average. In six-row barley, both in chaffy and in naked accessions, the protein contents were lower those in two-row barley. Cultivars Parnas and Berkut were singled out by protein digestibility as an index of biological value (69.80 and 74.20 mg of tyrosine per g of protein, respectively). Berkut was created by selecting from a hybrid population Parnas / Omskiy Golozyornyy 1, therefore, Parnas is a possible source of highly digestible protein, which may be of interest in barley breeding for the production of baby and dietary foods.

Current strategy of cereal breeding

“…Protein digestibility is important. We showed that cultivars Parnas and Berkut had highly digestible protein: 69.80-74.20 mg of tyrosine per 1 gram of protein compared to 53.90 mg/g in wheat (Table 4) [25]. Thus, cultivars Parnas and Omskiy Golozyornyy 1 are sources of high protein digestibility by proteolytic enzymes.…”

“…We studied starting material and bred new spring food barley cultivars. In order to provide dietic and baby foods, a breeding program was implemented to cross domestic cultivars, which are well-adapted to the conditions of Eastern Ukraine and resistant to lodging and diseases, with waxy naked accessions [25].…”

Evaluation of Collection Samples of Spring Barley According to a Complex of Valuable Economic Characteristics in the Conditions of the Nosivska Breeding and Research Station

“…зразків у дослідженнях. Зокрема, можна відзначити дещо нижчі показники вмісту білка у зерні шестирядкових ячменів (Lim = 12,6-14,9%) порівняно з дворядковими (Lim = 13,1-17,0%) та голозерними (lim = 13,8-15,9%), що відзначали й інші дослідники [26]. Якщо застосувати статистичні величини для порівняння, то за середнім вмістом білка в зерні плівчасті зразки (х = 15,2%) переважали голозерні (х = 14,6%), а модальний показник і медіана відповідали середньому значенню у вибірках.…”