Context-produced increase in visibility

King, Donald L.; Hicks, Hester; Brown, Pamela D.

doi:10.1007/bf00419888

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Support for this position includes evidence of a group-assimilation association for several types of parts (e.g., Fuchs, 1967Fuchs, /1923King, 1988a), including when the stimulus is brief or responding is speeded (King, 1988b;Prinzmetal & Keysar, 1989). Additionally, a group is associated with an ID of at least one of its parts (King, Hicks, & Brown, 1993), including when an objective closure-division indicant of the strength of a group is used (King et al, 1995b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Immediately preceding stimuli increase the detection of a less detectable but not a more detectable stimulus

1996

Psychol. Res

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Both a small (S) and a large (L) stimulus occurred individually and randomly over trials. The task was to make the same speeded response to either stimulus. LSSS sequences on trials N-3, N-2, N-1, and N, respectively, resulted in a faster RT to S on trial N than to S on trial N-2. However, SLLL sequences did not produce a corresponding increase in detection. Also, overall, S was less detectable than L. Suppose that the physical S on trial N was lower in detectability-memorability than a memorial S produced by S on the immediately preceding trials N-1 and N-2. If so, the physical S may have assimilated in detectability-memorability to the memorial S. explaining why its detectability increased. In contrast, the physical L may have been sufficiently high in detectability-memorability to preclude a comparable assimilation. The theory: assimilation underlies detectability, regardless of whether two components are both physical (previous research), or whether one is physical and the other is memorial (the present research).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Immediately preceding stimuli increase the detection of a less detectable but not a more detectable stimulus

1996

Psychol. Res

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“…This explanation predicts that a target that is part of a group should be discriminated better from background than a target that occurs alone. In support, a discrimination between a context plus target that forms a group and its context can be better than the discrimination between its target and background (Dresp, 1993;King, Hicks, & Brown, 1993). A group has also been associated with the judgment of one of its parts as brighter (Kovacs & Julesz, 1996).…”

Section: Salience Assimilationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grouping and Assimilation in Perception, Memory, and Conditioning

King

2001

Review of General Psychology

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A group-assimilation theory hypothesizes that a Gestalt-like group is associated with assimilation among the parts of the group. Assimilation is an increase in the perceived or sensed similarity of 1 part to a 2nd part. Assimilation occurs for traditional parts such as color but also occurs for salience. The theory accounts for key outcomes in perception, memory, and conditioning. An important hypothesis is that traditional assimilation and salience assimilation tend to have opposing effects on identification. The traditional assimilation of a target to a 2nd part frequently impairs the target's identification. In contrast, the assimilation of a less salient target to a more salient 2nd part increases the salience of the target and thus improves the target's identification. The corresponding hypothesis that 2 groups are associated with contrast between those parts that belong to different groups is also considered.

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“…Recent evidence suggests that an apprehended group is also associated with an increase in visibility (IV) ofat least one of its parts (King, Hicks, & Brown, 1993;King & Thomas, 1993). To determine whether an IV occurs, a complete object (context-plus-target stimulus) is divided into context and target components.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

One line decreases the visibility of a simultaneous identical distant second line

King

Mose

Nixon

1995

Perception & Psychophysics

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A top line decreased the visibility of a simultaneous, identical, distant bottom line. This context-produced decrease in visibility (DV) occurred when the bottom line was masked by flanking lines and hence was less visible than the top line. It continued when the top line was three times as far from the bottom line. It disappeared without the mask. There was a hint of an opposing contextproduced increase in visibility (IV) when the lines were close together. The DVis not accounted for by numerous extant phenomena and theories. It means that the top line decreased the similarity in visibility between it and the bottom line, a contrast effect for visibility, rather than for a typical attribute. Contrast does not occur between two attributes that are perceptually equal. Therefore, the reason why two distant equally visible objects fail to result in a DVmay be that their equal visibility precludes the occurrence of contrast. This Dv-as-contrast theory is consistent with evidence that two groups (phenomenal wholes) are associated with both contrast and DVs, and thus also with evidence that one group is associated with both assimilation and IVs.393

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Context-produced increase in visibility

Abstract: the context components of context+feature stimuli increased the visibility of the feature components of the same stimuli.

Cited by 10 publications

References 24 publications

Immediately preceding stimuli increase the detection of a less detectable but not a more detectable stimulus

Immediately preceding stimuli increase the detection of a less detectable but not a more detectable stimulus

Grouping and Assimilation in Perception, Memory, and Conditioning

One line decreases the visibility of a simultaneous identical distant second line

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