Continental shelf morphology controlled by bottom currents, mud diapirism, and submarine slumping to the east of the Gaoping Canyon, off SW Taiwan

Yeh, Yun-Chi; Tsai, Chung Lin; Hsu, Shu Kun; Huang, Ling; Chen, Kuan Ting; Cho, Yen Yu; Liang, Chin Wei

doi:10.1007/s00367-020-00673-5

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The outermost block is likely sliding down to the Kaoping Canyon, as suggested by Yeh et al. (2021). The total thickness of this subparallel sequence is about 0.6–0.8 s, below which is a series of strong events with clear lateral continuity, especially in DSC340‐10 (Figure 6).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…These reflectors are dissected into blocks by a series of west-dipping normal faults at the southern bank of the Kaoping Canyon. The outermost block is likely sliding down to the Kaoping Canyon, as suggested by Yeh et al (2021). The total thickness of this subparallel sequence is about 0.6-0.8 s, below which is a series of strong events with clear lateral continuity, especially in DSC340-10 (Figure 6).…”

Section: Structural Patterns From Seismic Profilesmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…North of this landslide, the flexure scarp becomes clear again, with its height gradually decreasing until it merges with the seafloor. Such a scarp is not observed to the west of the island, although the topographic features may have been modified by the channel system and mass movements associated with the Kaoping Canyon (Yeh et al., 2021).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mud Diapir or Fault‐Related Fold? On the Development of an Active Mud‐Cored Anticline Offshore Southwestern Taiwan

et al. 2022

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There has been a controversial debate about the roles of diapiric folding versus fault‐related folding in mud‐cored anticlines. This study tackles this debate by looking into the structural developments in southwestern Taiwan. Among all the structures, the Liuchiu anticline is the only active structure exposed above sea level and therefore offers a unique opportunity to integrate land and marine data sets. On Liuchiu Island, we obtained the fold core geometry at the surface and identified three terrace groups with age constraints. In the offshore area, we obtained the fold limb geometry from seismic profiles. Given the tight fold shape and the asymmetric terrace tilting, we found that a hybrid fault tip fold‐fault propagation fold model can best explain the geologic and geomorphic features. In this regard, mud diapirism should be a secondary process, possibly along discrete patches of mobile shales to enhance fold amplification. Our model yields decreasing shortening rates from 0.7 mm/yr during the Plio‐Pleistocene to 0.375 mm/yr since 120 ka. The uplift rate however increases since the mid‐Holocene, which we tentatively attribute to larger mobile shale deformation triggered by earthquakes along the fault after the near‐fault fluids are drained. At the regional scale, we further suggest that the remaining plate convergence is absorbed by a few major structures west of Liuchiu Island.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Structural Patterns From Seismic Profilesmentioning

confidence: 85%

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Mud Diapir or Fault‐Related Fold? On the Development of an Active Mud‐Cored Anticline Offshore Southwestern Taiwan

et al. 2022

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“…As well as identifying a number of seismic signals attributed to terrestrial landslides from an onshore broadband seismometer network, Lin (2015) also interpreted arrivals from offshore-generated ground motions in a region offshore SW Taiwan, to relate to submarine landslides, occurring shortly after the passage of the powerful Typhoon Morakot (8 th August 2009). The triangulated location of these seismic sources was found to be clustered around submarine canyon flanks and steep continental slopes, which are known to be more prone to slope instability from previous seafloor surveys (Yeh et al, 2021). Submarine sediment flows, that were likely triggered by slope failures and related to this event, damaged a number of telecommunications cables that crossed the Gaoping Canyon (Carter et al, 2014;Pope et al, 2017).…”

Section: Determining the Timing And Location Of Submarine Landslides At A Margin Scale Using Landbased Seismological Networkmentioning

confidence: 88%

Seismic and Acoustic Monitoring of Submarine Landslides: Ongoing Challenges, Recent Successes and Future Opportunities

Clare¹,

Lintern²,

Pope³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Submarine landslides pose a hazard to coastal communities due to the tsunamis they can generate, and can damage critical seafloor infrastructure, such as the network of cables that underpin global data transfer and communications. These mass movements can be orders of magnitude larger than their onshore equivalents and are found on all of the world’s continental margins; from coastal zones to hadal trenches. Despite their prevalence, and importance to society, offshore monitoring studies have been limited by the largely unpredictable occurrence of submarine landslide and the need to cover large regions of extensive continental margins. Recent subsea monitoring has provided new insights into the preconditioning and run-out of submarine landslides using active geophysical techniques, but these tools only measure a very small spatial footprint, and are power and memory intensive, thus limiting long duration monitoring campaigns. Most landslide events therefore remain entirely unrecorded. Here we first show how passive acoustic and seismologic techniques can record acoustic emissions and ground motions created by terrestrial landslides. We then show how this terrestrial-focused research has catalysed advances in the detection and characterisation of submarine landslides, using both onshore and offshore networks of broadband seismometers, hydrophones and geophones. We then discuss some of the new insights into submarine landslide preconditioning, timing, location, velocity and their down-slope evolution that is arising from these advances. We finally outline some of the outstanding challenges, in particular emphasising the need for calibration of seismic and acoustic signals generated by submarine landslides and their run-out. Once confidence can be enhanced in submarine landslide signal detection and interpretation, passive seismic and acoustic sensing has strong potential to enable more complete hazard catalogues to be built, and opens the door to emerging techniques (such as fibre-optic sensing), to fill key, but outstanding, knowledge gaps concerning these important underwater phenomena.

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“…The Kaoping Canyon is characterized by unique environmental conditions, including high sediment loads from a small mountain river, turbidity currents triggered by extreme monsoonal conditions and earthquakes, and strong internal-tide energy that causes swift bottom currents, as well as Kuroshio Current induced by near-bottom flow [32,[55][56][57]. During floods, there is a convergence of tidal currents near the head of the Kaoping Canyon.…”

Section: Oceanographic Conditions and Biological Distributions Of Submarine Canyonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological Significance and Relation of Ecosystems of Submarine Canyons off SW Taiwan

Chiang

2021

JMSE

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There are four shelf-incising submarine canyons off SW Taiwan. They are distributed along the active continental margin, which is periodically flushed by gravity flows. Shelf-incising canyons, such as Kaoping Canyon, may not only be affected by oceanographic conditions but also by extreme climate change due to the direct input of river sediment. In the canyons along the SW margin of Taiwan, strong sedimentary flows are reflected in highly abundant nutrient input and physical disturbances. The Kaoping Canyon possesses habitats that promote biodiversity but that are sensitive to environmental change. The aims of this study are to review the canyons along the SW margin of Taiwan and to present their geomorphological features and associated ecosystems.

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Continental shelf morphology controlled by bottom currents, mud diapirism, and submarine slumping to the east of the Gaoping Canyon, off SW Taiwan

Cited by 6 publications

References 39 publications

Mud Diapir or Fault‐Related Fold? On the Development of an Active Mud‐Cored Anticline Offshore Southwestern Taiwan

Mud Diapir or Fault‐Related Fold? On the Development of an Active Mud‐Cored Anticline Offshore Southwestern Taiwan

Seismic and Acoustic Monitoring of Submarine Landslides: Ongoing Challenges, Recent Successes and Future Opportunities

Morphological Significance and Relation of Ecosystems of Submarine Canyons off SW Taiwan

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