Continental slope sedimentation adjacent to an ice margin. III. The upper Labrador Slope

Hesse, Reinhard; Klauck, Ingo; Khodabakhsh, Saeed; Piper, David J. W.

doi:10.1016/s0025-3227(98)00054-1

Cited by 64 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…TMFs may also contain some meltwater-derived debris and turbidites, together with a hemipelagic component that normally marks slower interglacial sedimentation when ice sheets have retreated to fjord heads or onto land (e.g. Hesse et al 1999;Taylor et al 2002;Piper et al 2007;Ó Cofaigh et al 2013). Greater availability of meltwater is likely to be important in the proportion of meltwater-delivered sediment to TMFs at the termini of mid-latitude as compared with high-latitude palaeo-ice streams, where conglomerates are formed from major meltwater-discharge events (e.g.…”

Section: Ice-marginal Landforms: Sedimentary Fansmentioning

confidence: 99%

The variety and distribution of submarine glacial landforms and implications for ice-sheet reconstruction

Dowdeswell

Canals

Jakobsson

et al. 2016

Memoirs

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Glacimarine processes affect about 20% of the global ocean today, and this area expanded considerably under cyclical full-glacial conditions during the Quaternary (Fig. 1) . Many of the submarine landforms produced at the base and margin of past ice sheets remain well preserved on the seafloor in fjords and on high-latitude continental shelves after the retreat of the ice that produced them. These glacial landforms, protected from subaerial erosion and beneath wave-base and tidal currents in water that is often hundreds of metres deep, are gradually buried by both hemipelagic and glacimarine sedimentation; they may be preserved over long periods in the geological record if palaeocontinental shelves are not reworked by subsequent glacier advances or bottom currents ). This means that, first, submarine glacial landforms can be observed at or close to the modern seafloor after retreat of the last great ice sheets from their most recent Quaternary maximum about 18-20 000 years ago using swath-bathymetric mapping systems and, secondly, buried glacial landforms may also be identified and examined within glacial-sedimentary sequences from Quaternary and earlier ice ages using seismic-reflection methods.The development of multibeam echo sounding over the past two decades, coupled with high-accuracy GPS positioning, has allowed morphological mapping of the seafloor at an unprecedented level of detail. In this paper, the variety of submarine glacial landforms observed in modern, Quaternary and more ancient sediments is described. Landforms produced subglacially, those formed at and beyond marine ice-sheet margins, together with the slope processes and bottom currents likely to result in their reworking, are considered along with the sediment volumes of these landforms and the time they take to develop. This is followed by discussion of the significance of submarine glacial landforms and landform-assemblages for reconstruction of the form and flow of past ice sheets, including the former extent and flow direction of ice sheets, whether they are flowing fast as ice streams or slowly in inter-ice stream areas, the nature and rate of ice-sheet deglaciation, conditions at past ice-sheet beds, and inferences on the characteristics of the basal hydrological system and past climatic conditions.

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Section: Ice-marginal Landforms: Sedimentary Fansmentioning

confidence: 99%

The variety and distribution of submarine glacial landforms and implications for ice-sheet reconstruction

Dowdeswell

Canals

Jakobsson

et al. 2016

Memoirs

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“…Where fast-flowing ice streams reach the shelf break, debris flows (matrix-and clast-supported diamictons; Eyles et al, 1983) construct large trough-mouth fans (Vorren and Laberg, 1997;Dowdeswell and Elverhoi, 2002;O'Cofaigh et al, 2003;Ottesen et al, 2005), but this is not the case off Hudson Strait (HS, Fig. 1) (Hesse et al, 1997(Hesse et al, , 1999, the main North Atlantic source area for H-events Andrews and MacLean, 2003). There is a large fan on the slope below the KTF (Fig.…”

Section: Sediment Transportmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of the Iceland Ice Sheet in the North Atlantic during the late Quaternary: a review and evidence from Denmark Strait

Andrews

2007

J Quaternary Science

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Investigations indicate that the Iceland Ice Sheet was reduced in size during MIS 3 but readvanced to the shelf break at the LGM. Retreat occurred very rapidly around 15 k-16 k cal. yr BP. By contrast, the margin of the ice sheet on the East Greenland shelf, north of the Denmark Strait, was at or close to the shelf break during MIS 3 and 2 and retreat starting $17 k cal. yr BP. Quantitative X-ray diffraction analysis of the <2 mm sediment fraction was undertaken on 161 samples from Iceland and East Greenland diamictons, and from cores on the slopes and margins of the Denmark Strait. Weight% mineralogical data are used in a principal component analysis to differentiate sediments derived from the two margins. The first two PC axes explain 52% of the variance. These associations are used to characterise sediments as being affiliated with (a) Iceland, (b) East Greenland or (c) mixed. The contribution from Iceland becomes prominent during MIS 2. The extensive outcrop of early Tertiary basalts on East Greenland between 688 and 718 N is an alternative source for basaltic clasts and North Atlantic sediments with eNd(0) values close to AE0.

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“…For example, submarine channels are present in front of some former ice-stream outlets in both the North Atlantic and around Antarctica (Kuvaas and Kristoffersen, 1991;Hesse et al, 1999;Shipp et al, 1999;Escutia et al, 2000;Andrews and Maclean, 2003;Ó Cofaigh et al, 2003;Dowdeswell et al, 2004b). Thus, areas of high sediment delivery in front of ice streams do not necessarily result in the formation of submarine fans.…”

Section: Controls On Sediment Architecture and Slope Morphology Of Thmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hesse et al, 1999), sediment texture and relative size of ice-sheet drainage basins, are likely to control the contrast in sediment architecture and slope morphology between the Greenland Basin and the submarine fans and slides from elsewhere in the Norwegian -Greenland Sea. Slope gradient does not appear to exert a strong control on this contrast, given the similarity in gradients between the Greenland Basin channels and the large submarine fans.…”

Section: Controls On Sediment Architecture and Slope Morphology Of Thmentioning

confidence: 99%

Timing and significance of glacially influenced mass-wasting in the submarine channels of the Greenland Basin

et al. 2004

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Continental slope sedimentation adjacent to an ice margin. III. The upper Labrador Slope

Cited by 64 publications

References 33 publications

The variety and distribution of submarine glacial landforms and implications for ice-sheet reconstruction

The variety and distribution of submarine glacial landforms and implications for ice-sheet reconstruction

The role of the Iceland Ice Sheet in the North Atlantic during the late Quaternary: a review and evidence from Denmark Strait

Timing and significance of glacially influenced mass-wasting in the submarine channels of the Greenland Basin

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