Contingent Negative Variation and Individual Differences A New Approach in Brain Research

Tecce, Joseph J.

doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1971.01750070003001

Cited by 67 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The contingent negative variation (CNV) is sensitive to the anticipation of (and attention to) an incoming stimulus in order to prepare a subsequent behavioral response (Tecce, 1971(Tecce, , 1972. As in many previous CNV studies (Cui et al, 2000), it appeared at fronto-central sites (maximally detected at FCz as in the current study).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Contingent negative variation (CNV) associated with sensorimotor timing error correction

et al. 2016

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Introduction: Detection and subsequent correction of sensorimotor timing errors is fundamental to adaptive behavior. Using scalp-recorded event-related potentials (ERPs), we sought to find ERP components that are predictive of error correction performance during rhythmic movements.Method: Healthy right-handed participants were asked to synchronize their finger taps to a regular tone sequence (every 600 ms), whilst EEG data were continuously recorded. Data from 15 participants were analyzed. Occasional irregularities were built into stimulus presentation timing: 90 ms before (advances: negative shift) or after (delays: positive shift) the expected time point. A tapping condition alternated with a listening condition in which identical stimulus sequence was presented but participants did not tap.Results: Behavioral error correction was observed immediately following a shift, with a degree of over-correction with positive shifts. Our stimulus-locked ERP data analysis revealed, 1) increased auditory N1 amplitude for the positive shift condition and decreased auditory N1 modulation for the negative shift condition; and 2) a second enhanced negativity (N2) in the tapping positive condition, compared with the tapping negative condition. In response-locked epochs, we observed a CNV (contingent negative variation)-like negativity with earlier latency in the tapping negative condition compared with the tapping positive condition. This CNV-like negativity peaked at around the onset of subsequent tapping, with the earlier the peak, the better the error correction performance with the negative shifts while the later the peak, the better the error correction performance with the positive shifts.Discussion: This study showed that the CNV-like negativity was associated with the error correction performance during our sensorimotor synchronization study. Auditory N1 and N2 were differentially involved in negative vs. positive error correction. However, we did not find 3 evidence for their involvement in behavioral error correction. Overall, our study provides the basis from which further research on the role of the CNV in perceptual and motor timing can be developed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Contingent negative variation (CNV) associated with sensorimotor timing error correction

et al. 2016

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“…The CNV, which was first described by Walter et al [1964], are event-related potentials that are evoked by a pair of stim uli, of which the first is a warning stimulus and the second is an imperative stimulus. It is thought that the CNV reflects cortical arousal, such as anticipation and anxiety to wards the coming imperative stimulus [Walter et al, 1964;Knott and Irwin, 1966;Tecce, 1971]. CNV are particularly interest ing for this study, since they can be analyzed by three different variables: the amplitude of the CNV, the reaction time of the subjects in responding to the imperative stimulus, and the number of errors subjects make in re sponding to the imperative stimulus [Ikemi et al, 1986].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychophysiological Effects of Self-Regulation Method: EEG Frequency Analysis and Contingent Negative Variations

Ikemi

1988

Psychother Psychosom

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Experiments were conducted to investigate the psychophysiological effects of self-regulation method (SRM), a newly developed method of self-control, using EEG frequency analysis and contingent negative variations (CNV). The results of the EEG frequency analysis showed that there is a significant increase in the percentage (power) of the Θ-band and a significant decrease in the percentage (power) of the β-band during SRM. Moreover, the results of an identical experiment conducted on subjects in a drowsy state showed that the changes in EEG frequencies during SRM can be differentiated from those of a drowsy state. Furthermore, experiments using CNV showed that there is a significant reduction of CNV amplitude during SRM. Despite the reduced amplitude during SRM, the number of errors in a task to evoke the CNV was reduced significantly without significant delay of reaction time. When an identical experiment was conducted in a drowsy state, CNV amplitude was reduced significantly, but reaction time and errors increased. From these experiments, the state of vigilance during SRM was discussed as a state of ‘relaxed alertness’.

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“…Studies of contingent negative variation (CNV) using electrical shock have indicated that the amplitude of CNV increased in subjects with low trait anxiety but did not change in those with high trait anxiety (Knott & Irwin, 1967, 1968, 1973. These findings were interpreted as meaning that subjects with high trait anxiety withdrew from electrical shock (Tecce, 1971). The difference between groups in this study might also suggest that high trait anxiety diminished the attention given to the stimuli.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 46%

The study of early emotion processing in the frontal area using a two‐dipole source model

Yoshida

Iwaki

2000

Jpn Psychol Res

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The present study explored early emotion processing in the frontal area using the two‐dipole source model. The 21‐channel recordings of event‐related potentials (ERPs) produced by a pure tone were analyzed in order to assess information processing. In the test conditions, the pure tone followed the presentation of one of two unpleasant sounds to enhance anxiety. In the control condition, only the pure tone was presented. There were two groups of eight subjects, one with low scores for trait anxiety and one with high scores. The ERPs were separately averaged for the groups, as well as for the high‐ and low‐anxiety sound and control session. A negative peak around 120 ms (C2) and a positive peak around 280 ms (C5) after stimulus onset were identified in all the sessions. The two‐dipole source model was applied to these two components. In the C2 component, dipole sources were located in the left frontal area in the control sessions, and in the right frontal area in the high‐anxiety sessions. This activation pattern was clearer in the group with low trait anxiety. In contrast, with the C5 component, lateralization of the dipole source in the frontal area was not seen. These findings suggest that the frontal area is involved in early emotion processing. A dual‐stage model of emotion processing is therefore proposed.

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Contingent Negative Variation and Individual Differences A New Approach in Brain Research

Cited by 67 publications

References 49 publications

Contingent negative variation (CNV) associated with sensorimotor timing error correction

Contingent negative variation (CNV) associated with sensorimotor timing error correction

Psychophysiological Effects of Self-Regulation Method: EEG Frequency Analysis and Contingent Negative Variations

The study of early emotion processing in the frontal area using a two‐dipole source model

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