Contingent negative variation for the periodicity of migraine attacks without aura

Abstract

Migraine is a primary neuropsychological disorder, although its etiology and pathogenesis are unknown. It has been reported that using contingent negative variation, the periodicity of migraine attacks is three days in adults. However, there is still a lack of relevant reports about the periodicity of migraine without aura in adults. Therefore, we investigated the changes of contingent negative variation in adults with migraine without aura from three to seven days after migraine attacks in order to provide the basis for exploring the circulation periodicity of migraine without aura. This prospective, observational study involved a group of 34 individuals with migraine without aura, who were screened during the three to seven days after a migraine attack without aura. A healthy group (31 individuals) was used as controls to assess the amplitudes of contingent negative variation and habituation of early contingent negative variation. Indices of the amplitudes included overall contingent negative variation, initial contingent negative variation, terminal contingent negative variation, and postoperative negative contingent variation. Differences between these indicators were analyzed. No significant difference was found between the patient and control groups for either the amplitudes of these measures of contingent negative variation or habituation of the early contingent negative variation for three to seven days after a migraine attack without aura (all P > 0.05). Thus, the study reported here found that the periodicity of migraine attacks without aura in adults is more than three days.

Mapping Motor Preparation in the Developing Brain: Insights from Contingent Negative Variation and Event-related Mu Rhythm Modulation

“…In agreement with other studies using data of a reduced number of electrodes, young children showed only minor frontal negativity during orienting response (Jonkman et al, 2003;Segalowitz & Davies, 2004), i.e., activation of cortical areas related to the supplementary motor area (SMA) and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) (Flores et al, 2009;Jonkman et al, 2003). The early frontal negativity stabilized during post-pubertal adolescence, reaching strength of activation comparable to adult subjects (Tian et al, 2019;Weisz et al, 2002). Furthermore, we observed a consistent shift in iCNV latencies, with midfrontocentral areas being recruited earlier in older subjects, suggesting a faster processing of the warning stimulus.…”

Unveiling the Role of Contingent Negative Variation (CNV) in Migraine: A Review of Electrophysiological Studies in Adults and Children

“…On the other hand, only a smaller group of studies described the effects on the lCNV [36,39,59,88]. Finally, the other investigations did not reveal enhanced amplitudes in any of the CNV subcomponents [20,26,62,68]. Indeed, the most recent study in this field, conducted by Tian and colleagues (2019) [26], found no significant differences in the CNV components (eCNV, lCNV or total CNV) between patients with migraine and healthy individuals [26].…”

“…This finding has been linked to a potential deficit to habituate towards sensory events. By contrast, some investigations conducted in this field failed to observe differences in the CNV habituation between healthy people and migraine [26,45], or such differences arose in association with the intake of some types of medication (it will be explained in more detail later) [42,60,63].…”

“…Thus, the loss of habituation was clearly observed a few days before the ictal period (peaking the day before), returning to a normal habituation process during and after the migraine attack [23,40]. However, a more recent study conducted by Tian and colleagues (2019) [26] raised some doubts about the existence of CNV changes associated with the cyclic pattern of migraine [26]. They found no differences in any of the sub-components of CNV as a function of the number of days prior to a migraine attack when compared to healthy people.…”

“…Specifically, event-related potentials (ERPs) have been examined, highlighting that patients exhibit abnormal neural responses that are suggestive of an impairment in the processing of information [11,13,20]. One of the most studied ERP components in migraine has been the Contingent Negative Variation (CNV) [20][21][22][23][24][25][26]. This waveform typically occurs due to the appearance of an expected stimulus (S2), signaled by a previous one (S1) (see Figure 2: CNV during the S1-S2 expectancy paradigm).…”