2024
DOI: 10.1093/jee/toae152
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Continued decline in sublethal effects of Bt toxins on Helicoverpa zea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in field corn

Tim B Bryant,
Jeremy K Greene,
Dominic Reisig
et al.

Abstract: The majority of field corn, Zea mays L., in the southeastern United States has been genetically engineered to express insecticidal toxins produced by the soil bacterium, Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt). Field corn is the most important mid-season host for corn earworm, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), which has developed resistance to all Cry toxins in Bt corn. From 2020 to 2023, corn earworm pupae were collected from early- and late-planted pyramided hybrids expressing Bt toxins and non-Bt near-… Show more

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