Continuous axillary brachial plexus block

Abstract

Continuous axillary brachial plexus block

Brachial plexus anesthesia: Essentials of our current understanding☆

“…123 Treatment includes intraarterial lidocaine (being mindful of total dose to avoid high local anesthetic plasma levels), topical warming, or nitroglycerin paste. 124 The risk of hematoma immediately after brachial plexus techniques is small (0.001 to 0.02%), 64,68,125,126 although the incidence may increase at 1 month follow-up. 64 Although most are inconsequential, hematomas may 126 or may not 78 be associated with postoperative paresthesias or transient nerve injury.…”

“…18,26 Importantly, local anesthetic toxicity may become problematic in patients with compromised pharmacokinetics secondary to congestive heart failure, advanced age, hepatic failure, or with continuous techniques. 125 Total doses in these patients should be reduced but to what extent is poorly defined.…”

Perivaskuläre axilläre Plexusanästhesie

“…Büttner et al [3] fanden in einer prospektiven Untersuchung eine Erfolgsquote, definiert als chirurgische Toleranz ohne jegliche supplementierende Maßnahmen, von 72,1%. Dies deckt sich mit den Ergebnissen anderer Studien, die mit der gleichen Technik durchgeführt wurden [24,26]. Generell ist die Erfolgsquote bei jeder Art der axillären Plexusblockade sehr variabel (zwischen 60 und nahezu 100% [20]).…”

Adaptation of an intravenous cannula for paediatric regional anaesthesia

“…They are sterile, relatively cheap and readily available in a range of sizes. They can be used like a traditional short bevelled needle to inject a single bolus dose of local anaesthetic solution, or alternatively the Teflon-coated cannula can be introduced into the brachial plexus sheath and left in situ, .to provide a means for continuous infusion [2]. Despite their merits, these cannulae do have a potential drawback when compared with conventional nerve block needles.…”