Continuous cooling crystallization kinetics of a molten blast furnace slag

Influence of High Temperature Interaction between Sinter and Lump Ores on the Formation Behavior of Primary-slags in Blast Furnace

“…Kashiwaya et al found that the slags began crystallize less than 10 s from 1 000 to 1 300°C. 17) While merwinite, gehlenite and akermanite were found to be the main phases of the blast furnace slags under both continuous cooing method and quenching method, [18][19][20] which was similar to the results of the present work. Figure 12 shows the SEM pictures of lump ore L-2, sinter S-1 and integrated burden B after continuous cooling.…”

Influence of isothermal temperature and cooling rates on crystallization characteristics of a synthetic coal slag

“…The expression can be written in the form ln ½À ln ð1 À XÞ ¼ n ln t þ ln K which allows the determination of the constants n and K from a plot of ln [Àln(1 À X)] vs ln t. If the system follows the Avrami equation, it will yield a straight line with gradient n and intercept ln (K). Different values of n represent different crystallization mechanisms, which has been described in previous studies [10].…”

“…But more quantitative methods developed for study of other types of slags with similar composition can also be applied. DTA or DSC is a useful method to study crystallization characteristics and has been widely applied to other kinds of slag under continuous cooling rates [7][8][9][10]. But both DSC and the quenching method are limited in that they do not allow direct observation of the crystallization process.…”

Influence of SiO2/Al2O3 on crystallization characteristics of synthetic coal slags

“…The isothermal kinetics of crystallization are calculated by well-known JMA (Johnson-Mehl-Avrami) equation [29][30][31][32] which can be described as [33] XðtÞ ¼ 1 À expðÀKt n Þ where X is the crystal volume fraction or degree of crystallization; n is Avrami parameter representing mechanisms of crystal growth; t is time and K is a coefficient corresponding to the nucleation and growth mechanism. The expression can be rearranged as ln½À lnð1 À XÞ ¼ n ln t þ ln K Which allows the determination of the constants n and k from a plot of ln[ln(À(1 À X)] vs ln t. If the system follows the Avrami equation, it will yield a straight line with gradient n and intercept ln K. Different mechanisms represented by n are described elsewhere [34].…”