Continuous estimation of systolic blood pressure using the pulse arrival time and intermittent calibration

Chen, W.; Kobayashi, Toshio; Ichikawa, Seiichi; Takeuchi, Yasuo; Togawa, Tatsuo

doi:10.1007/bf02345755

Cited by 372 publications

(228 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…These changes were also clearly seen in the PTT/SBP slopes, which were used to estimate changes in SBP from changes in PTT. 29,30 Our data also indicated that about half of the changes with blood pressure were direct and were not mediated via an age effect. HR was only weakly associated with PTT, and for the ear site only.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

Age-related changes in peripheral pulse timing characteristics at the ears, fingers and toes

2002

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It is accepted that older subjects have increasing arterial stiffness, which results in increasingly faster pulse transmission to the periphery. However, this age association is less clear in younger subjects and for different peripheral measurement sites. The aims of this study were to determine the association between age and pulse timing characteristics over a five decade age range at the ears, fingers and toes, and to compare these with any additional effects associated with differences in subject height, systolic blood pressure and heart rate. Photoplethysmography pulse waveforms were recorded noninvasively from the right and left sides at the ears, fingers and toes of 116 normal healthy human subjects. Their median age was 42 years (range 13-72 years). Systolic blood pressure, height and heart rate were also measured. Pulse transit times (PTTs) were determined and referenced to the electrocardiogram R wave. The results revealed that age was the strongest contributor to PTT differences at all sites (Po0.0001). The decrease with ageing was greatest at the toes: À1.6, À0.6, À0.4 ms/year for the toes, fingers, and ears, respectively. Changes for the right and left body sides at each level were highly similar. Blood pressure was also an important contributor to PTT at all sites (Po0.0001); À1.0, À0.4, À0.3 ms/ mm Hg, respectively, with approximately half of the effect explained by age. Height was significantly and independently related to PTT at the fingers and toes (Po0.0001); +1.1, +0.7 ms/cm, respectively. The fraction of PTT variability explained by these relationships was 0.65, 0.48, 0.26 for the toes, fingers and ears, respectively (Po0.0001). Finally, we concluded that the age effect decreased linearly from the second to the seventh decades, demonstrating that the effect of changes in arterial stiffness can be detected noninvasively from an early age at three main peripheral sites. Age is the dominant factor in contributing to PTT, and is greatest at the toes, followed by the fingers and then the ears.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

Age-related changes in peripheral pulse timing characteristics at the ears, fingers and toes

2002

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“…Interestingly, heart rate was not selected in any of the cases, confirming earlier findings that BP and heart rate are not directly relevant [17].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…Given that we are interested in low-frequency data, and the time window is clear, we find detrending is unnecessary. Heart rate and respiratory rate are not directly relevant [17], these frequencies are not of interest in the processing.…”

Section: A Ppg Signal Collection On Human Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Data-driven estimation of blood pressure using photoplethysmographic signals

Gao

Wittek

Zhao

et al. 2016

2016 38th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

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Abstract-Noninvasive measurement of blood pressure by optical methods receives considerable interest, but the complexity of the measurement and the difficulty of adjusting parameters restrict applications. We develop a method for estimating the systolic and diastolic blood pressure using a single-point optical recording of a photoplethysmographic (PPG) signal. The estimation is data-driven, we use automated machine learning algorithms instead of mathematical models. Combining supervised learning with a discrete wavelet transform, the method is insensitive to minor irregularities in the PPG waveform, hence both pulse oximeters and smartphone cameras can record the signal. We evaluate the accuracy of the estimation on 78 samples from 65 subjects (40 male, 25 female, age 29±7) with no history of cardiovascular disease. The estimate for systolic blood pressure has a mean error 4.9±4.9 mm Hg, and 4.3±3.7 mm Hg for diastolic blood pressure when using the oximeter-obtained PPG. The same values are 5.1±4.3 mm Hg and 4.6±4.3 mm Hg when using the phone-obtained PPG, comparing with A&D UA-767PBT result as gold standard. The simplicity of the method encourages ambulatory measurement, and given the ease of sharing the measured data, we expect a shift to data-oriented approaches deriving insight from ubiquitous mobile devices that will yield more accurate machine learning models in monitoring blood pressure.

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“…The first signal in Figure 3 is similar to the photoplethysmography (PPG) signal [14] which are also usually used in continuous BP measurement systems [11,12,14]. The PPG signal is caused only by the changes of blood flow.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanism of Cuff-Less Blood Pressure Measurement Using MMSB

Li¹,

Gao²,

Deng³

2013

ENG

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Continuous measurement of blood pressure based on pulse transit time (PTT) using GMR sensors is the state-of-art non-invasive cuff-less method in which modulated magnetic signature of blood (MMSB) is used. In this paper, the mechanism of MMSB is investigated. According to the experimental results, it is found that both blood pulse flowing through the applied magnetic field and the displacement of the GMR sensor caused by blood pulse contribute to the disturbance of magnetic field detected by GMR sensors. The feasibility of MMSB method is discussed as well.

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Continuous estimation of systolic blood pressure using the pulse arrival time and intermittent calibration

Cited by 372 publications

References 24 publications

Age-related changes in peripheral pulse timing characteristics at the ears, fingers and toes

Age-related changes in peripheral pulse timing characteristics at the ears, fingers and toes

Data-driven estimation of blood pressure using photoplethysmographic signals

Mechanism of Cuff-Less Blood Pressure Measurement Using MMSB

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