Continuous fibre composite 3D printing with pultruded carbon/PA6 commingled fibres: Processing and mechanical properties

Zhuo, Peng; Li, Shuguang; Ashcroft, Ian; Jones, I.A.

doi:10.1016/j.compscitech.2022.109341

Cited by 33 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…The flexural strength and modulus of the printed parts reached 380.31 MPa and 38.86 GPa, while the tensile strength and modulus reached 636.42 MPa and 21.48 GPa. Compared with similar studies, the mechanical performance of the printed parts using the optimal combination parameters far exceeded those in the research by Zhuo 27 and Van. 28 However, there is still some performance gap compared to the studies by He 13 and Justo.…”

Section: Combination Of Printing Parameters Experimentscontrasting

confidence: 69%

Performance enhancement of 3D‐printed carbon fiber‐reinforced nylon 6 composites

Chen,

Cai,

Duan

et al. 2024

Polymer Composites

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The inherent defects of the layer‐by‐layer manufacturing process limit the mechanical performance of 3D‐printed composite parts. This paper explores a process optimization method for continuous fiber composites 3D printing to improve the mechanical performance of 3D‐printed CF/PA6 (Carbon Fiber/Nylon 6) parts. First, the effects of printing temperature, printing speed, layer thickness, and side step on the mechanical performance of 3D‐printed CF/PA6 were studied by conducting variable parameter printing experiments. All optimal printing parameters for CF/PA6 were obtained, and their impact mechanisms were analyzed. Second, the coupling effect of temperature and pressure of post‐processing reduced the internal voids of 3D‐printed CF/PA6 and improved its mechanical properties. The influence mechanism of the coupling effect of temperature and pressure was summarized, and the optimal post‐processing parameters applicable to CF/PA6 were obtained. Based on the above process optimization, the fiber volume content of the printed CF/PA6 reached 41.05%, and the bending strength and elastic modulus reached 651.54 MPa and 79.08 GPa, which were 209.05% and 179.53% higher than those before optimization. Moreover, the tensile strength and elastic modulus reached 730 MPa and 29.23GPa, which were 98.10% and 81.10% higher than those before optimization. The experimental results give a positive validation of the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed methodology.Highlights The effects of printing temperature, printing speed, layer thickness, and side step on the mechanical properties of 3D‐printed CF/PA6 were investigated. The optimal printing parameters applicable to CF/PA6 were obtained and their influence mechanisms were analyzed. The effects of the heat press processing method on the internal voids and mechanical properties of 3D‐printed CF/PA6 were investigated, and the optimal post‐processing parameters applicable to CF/PA6 were obtained. The study resulted in optimal printing parameters and post‐processing parameters for 3D printing CF/PA6, which greatly enhanced its tensile and flexural strength and modulus.

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Section: Combination Of Printing Parameters Experimentscontrasting

confidence: 69%

Performance enhancement of 3D‐printed carbon fiber‐reinforced nylon 6 composites

Chen,

Cai,

Duan

et al. 2024

Polymer Composites

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“…It was calculated that the fiber volume content of the tensile specimen and flexural specimen prepared in this study is 29.31% and 27.57%, respectively, and that of the Mark Two specimen is 30.78% and 26.12%. Then the tensile strength and flexural strength of CF/PA6 printed in this work are compared with those from the CF/PA6 composite printing results from other researchers [31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40] and Mark Two. Actually, many factors affect the mechanical properties of 3D printing composites, among which the fiber content is one of the most critical factors, so, as shown in Figure 10, the relationship between relevant properties of CF/PA6 composites and fiber volume content is summarized and compared.…”

Section: Comparison and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyurethane with nano‐SiO₂ based surface sizing method for 3D printed carbon fiber reinforced nylon 6 composites

et al. 2022

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Continuous carbon fiber reinforced polymer composite 3D printing has drawn more attention due to its ability to manufacture composite structures with complex shapes. The surface treatment of CF is necessary to improve the combination between carbon fiber (CF) and matrix. In this work, polyurethane with nano‐SiO2 (PU/SiO2) was used to size CF to enhance the compatibility of CF and nylon 6 (PA6). The chemistry and morphology of the CF were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The interface strength between CF and PA6 was tested by the fiber pull‐out test, and eventually obtained optimized concertation of PU/SiO2 sizing agents (with 25 wt% PU and 0.4 wt% nano‐SiO2). The results show that compared with untreated CF, the interfacial shear strength (IFSS) of CF and PA6 after sizing increased by 316.93%. In addition, several CF/PA6 composite specimens printed by a homemade composite 3D printer were used to do mechanical tests. The results show that the flexural strength increased by 33.87%, the tensile strength increased by 20.75%, and the interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) increased by 66.54%.

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“…The manufacture of fibre-reinforced filaments for 3D printing can be realised by means of melt impregnation of the dry fibres [94] or using intermediate materials such as commingled yarns and tapes [138][139][140]. The latter has advantages such as better fibre matrix adhesion and a potential of higher fibre volume fraction.…”

Section: Pre-pultrusion and Printing With Thermoplastic Strandsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cost-efficient, automated, and sustainable composite profile manufacture: A review of the state of the art, innovations, and future of pultrusion technologies

Volk

Yuksel

Baran

et al. 2022

Composites Part B: Engineering

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Continuous fibre composite 3D printing with pultruded carbon/PA6 commingled fibres: Processing and mechanical properties

Cited by 33 publications

References 58 publications

Performance enhancement of 3D‐printed carbon fiber‐reinforced nylon 6 composites

Performance enhancement of 3D‐printed carbon fiber‐reinforced nylon 6 composites

Polyurethane with nano‐SiO₂ based surface sizing method for 3D printed carbon fiber reinforced nylon 6 composites

Cost-efficient, automated, and sustainable composite profile manufacture: A review of the state of the art, innovations, and future of pultrusion technologies

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Continuous fibre composite 3D printing with pultruded carbon/PA6 commingled fibres: Processing and mechanical properties

Cited by 33 publications

References 58 publications

Performance enhancement of 3D‐printed carbon fiber‐reinforced nylon 6 composites

Performance enhancement of 3D‐printed carbon fiber‐reinforced nylon 6 composites

Polyurethane with nano‐SiO2 based surface sizing method for 3D printed carbon fiber reinforced nylon 6 composites

Cost-efficient, automated, and sustainable composite profile manufacture: A review of the state of the art, innovations, and future of pultrusion technologies

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Polyurethane with nano‐SiO₂ based surface sizing method for 3D printed carbon fiber reinforced nylon 6 composites